Sham Ennessim
Sham Ennessim is an Egyptian national holiday marking the beginning of spring. It always falls on the day after the Eastern Christian Easter.
The holiday is celebrated by modern average Egyptians Christians and Muslims it is considered a national festival in Egypt. The main features of the festival are:
According to annals written by Plutarch during the 1st century AD, the Ancient Egyptians used to offer salted fish, lettuce, and onions to their deities during the spring festival known as Shemu.
After the Christianization of Egypt, the festival became associated with the other Christian spring festival, Easter. Over time, Shemu morphed into its current form and its current date, and by the time of the Islamic conquest of Egypt, the holiday was settled on Easter Monday. The Islamic calendar being lunar and thus unfixed relative to the solar year, the date of Sham el-Nessim remained on the Christian-linked date. As Egypt became Arabized, the term Shemu found a rough phono-semantic match in Sham el-Nessim, or "Smelling/Taking In the Zephyrs," which fairly accurately represents the way in which Copts celebrate the holiday.
