Sir Richard Neave, 1st Baronet


Sir Richard Neave, 1st Baronet was a British merchant and a Governor of the Bank of England.

Life

Neave was the son of James Neave and Susanna Trueman. He developed considerable interests in the West Indies and the Americas and was chairman at various times of the Ramsgate Harbour Trust, the Society of West Indian Merchants and the London Dock Company, as well as a director of the Hudson’s Bay Company. Neave was a friend of George Read of Delaware who wrote to warn him in 1765 that the British government's attempts to tax the colonies without giving them direct representation in Parliament would lead to independence.
Neave lived in Bower House in Havering-atte-Bower but sought to elevate himself from merchant to country gentleman and purchased Dagnam Park in 1772. Neave had the original Dagnams demolished, probably between 1772 and 1776 and replaced by a red-brick Georgian house nine bays wide by four deep with a curved central three-bay projection to the south front. He was a director of the Bank of England for 48 years, made Deputy Governor in 1781 and Governor from 1783 to 1785. Neave's tenure as Governor occurred during the end of the Bengal bubble crash. In 1794 he was appointed High Sheriff of Essex. He was a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London and in 1785 elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. He was created a baronet on May 13, 1795.

Family

Neave married Frances Bristow, daughter of John Bristow, MP and merchant, in 1761. He and his wife were painted, in a double portrait, by Thomas Gainsborough around 1765. Their daughter Frances married Governor of the Bank of England Beeston Long; in 1806, both Neave and Long served as Vice-presidents of the London Institution.
The second daughter Catherine Mary married Henry Howard.
Their third daughter, Caroline Mary Neave, born 23.3.1781, never married but devoted her considerable energies and ability to the improving the treatment of women and children in prisons, refuges and convict ships. She died on 7.12.1861.