Six-wheel drive is an all-wheel drivedrivetrain configuration of three axles with at least two wheels on each axle capable of being driven simultaneously by the vehicle's engine. Unlike four-wheel drive drivetrains, the configuration is largely confined to heavy-duty off-road and military vehicles, such as all-terrain vehicles, armored vehicles, and prime movers. 6×6 with three evenly spaced axles and full-time 6x6 H-drive When such a vehicle only has six wheels by definition all are driven. When it has ten - with two pairs of ganged "dual" wheels on each rear axle as on a GMC CCKW - all are also driven but the 6×6 designation remains. For most military applications where traction/mobility are considered more important than payload capability, single wheels on each axle are the norm. Heavy hauler and ballast tractor 6×6s have had a long history as prime movers both in the military, and commercially in logging and heavy equipment hauling both on- and off-road. Most six-wheel drive vehicles have a forward axle and two at the rear, or three evenly spaced in varying steering configurations. Depending on the vehicle's role, the number of wheels varies between six and ten. Drive may be limited to the rear two axles for on-road use.
Six-by-six conversions of four-wheel drive trucks are made, such as the Australian Army's PerentieLand Rover Defender and "Landcruiser Sherman"), as are 6×4 versions.
Polaris Industries has produced a number of six-wheel drive ATVs and UTVs for many years, based on a standard Magnum, Sportsman or Ranger with an extra axle and a cargo box over the rear wheels.
Concept cars
, testbed, and limited production commercial examples include:
Bogie-drive 6x6 vehicles are built by 6x6 Australia Pty Ltd and have full load-sharing coil-spring rear suspension with full-time bogie-drive
drive in the rear, and an integrated "roll steer" function built into the suspension design. All 6x6 Australia Pty Ltd vehicles are ADR-compliant with IPA for both "heavy" and "light" vehicles.
Mercedes-Benz G63 AMG 6x6 4x4 plus two without load-share, meaning far less wheel articulation for off-road, needing five differential locks to operate