Solar apex Solar apex 30°NSolar antapex 30°S
The solar apex , or the apex of the Sun's way , refers to the direction that the Sun travels with respect to the local standard of rest . This is not to be confused with the Sun's apparent motion through all constellations of the zodiac , which is an illusion caused by the orbit of the Earth .Direction The solar apex is in the constellation of Hercules , southwest of Vega , northeast of his "outstretched foot", Omicron Hercules . There are two mainstream sets of coordinates for the solar apex. The visual coordinates are right ascension , declination 30° N *in galactic coordinates: 56.24° longitude, +22.54° latitude *in ecliptic coordinates: 271.79° longitude, +53.43° latitude. The radioastronomical position is RA , dec +. Evaluation of movement of the solar system in its neighborhood is complex; a selection of links is on the of this article . For more than 30 years before 1986 the speed of the Sun towards the solar apex was taken to be about 20 km/s but all later studies give a smaller component in the vector toward galactic longitude 90°, reducing overall speed to about 13.4 km/s. This speed is not to be confused with the orbital speed of the Sun around the Galactic center , which is about 220 km/s and is included in the movement of the Local Standard of Rest . Thus the Sun moves towards the apex at about our spiral arm's orbital speed. The sun's motion in the Milky Way is not confined to the galactic plane ; it also shifts up and down with respect to the plane over millions of years.History The nature and extent of the solar motion was first demonstrated by William Herschel in 1783 , who also first determined the direction for the solar apex, as Lambda Herculis , 10° away from today's accepted position.Solar antapex The solar antapex , the direction opposite of the solar apex, is located near the star Zeta Canis Majoris .Gallery
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