According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 30.8 square miles, all of it land. It is located in the Delaware watershed and, while most of the township is drained directly eastward into the Delaware River by Tohickon Creek and Cooks Creek a very small area in the extreme west is drained by the Unami Creek into the Perkiomen Creek and Schuylkill River. Springfield Township's past and present villages include Bursonville, Gallows, Gruversville, Hilltop, Passer, Pleasant Valley, Pullen, Springtown, Stony Point, and Zionhill. Many longtime residents share ties with the Saucon Valley Most of the township enjoys mutual local calling with the Allentown, Bethlehem, and Easton as well as Quakertown telephone exchanges. Many township residents have Coopersburg, Quakertown or Hellertown addresses. Natural features include Bitts Hill, Buckwampum Mountain, Cooks Creek, Cressman Hill, Gallows Hill, Gallows Run, Haycock Creek, The Lookout, Rocky Valley, Slifer Valley, Spring Garden, and Tohickon Creek. Springfield has three numbered routes: Pennsylvania Routes309, 212, and 412. The four-lane highway 309 crosses the west end north-to-south en route from Allentown to Quakertown while 212 comes north from Quakertown and 412 comes SE from Bethlehem to join eastward through Springtown and diverge to end on Pennsylvania Route 611 in Durham Furnace and Harrow, respectively. Other local roads of note include north-to-south Old Bethlehem Pike in the extreme west, Old Bethlehem Road in the SE, and Richlandtown Pike, and east-to-west Passer Road, Peppermint Valley/Slifer Valley/Lehnenberg Road, and State Road.
According to the Köppen climate classification system, Springfield Township, Pennsylvania has a hot-summer, wet all year, humid continental climate. Dfa climates are characterized by at least one month having an average mean temperature ≤ 32.0 °F, at least four months with an average mean temperature ≥ 50.0 °F, at least one month with an average mean temperature ≥ 71.6 °F, and no significant precipitation difference between seasons. During the summer months, episodes of extreme heat and humidity can occur with heat index values ≥ 100 °F. On average, the wettest month of the year is July which corresponds with the annual peak in thunderstorm activity. During the winter months, episodes of extreme cold and wind can occur with wind chill values < 0 °F. The plant hardiness zone is 6b with an average annual extreme minimum air temperature of -2.4 °F. The average seasonal snowfall total is between 30 and 36 inches, and the average snowiest month is February which corresponds with the annual peak in nor'easter activity.
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,963 people, 1,900 households, and 1,470 families residing in the township. The population density was 161.2 people per square mile. There were 1,972 housing units at an average density of 64.1/sq mi. The racial makeup of the township was 98.61% White, 0.60% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.10% Asian, 0.18% from other races, and 0.40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.87% of the population. There were 1,900 households, out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.3% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.6% were non-families. 17.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 2.96. In the township the population was spread out, with 22.4% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 30.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 100.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.1 males. The median income for a household in the township was $60,061, and the median income for a family was $64,909. Males had a median income of $45,063 versus $30,592 for females. The per capita income for the township was $29,355. About 2.5% of families and 3.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.5% of those under age 18 and 3.0% of those age 65 or over.
Board of supervisors
Springfield is a second class township that elects five at-large Supervisors.
