Standard Romanization (Cantonese)

Initials

Finals

• The finals m and ng can only be used as standalone nasal syllables.
• When h or k is an initial, om and op are used as the final, instead of am and ap.
• When s, ts or ts’ is the initial, and i is the final, the final is written z instead.
• When y is an initial, and i, iu, in, ip, it, or iu are used as finals, the y is omitted, resulting in i, iu, in, ip, it, and iu, but yik, and ying.
• When y is an initial, and ue, uen, or uet are finals, the y is omitted.
• When w is an initial, and oo, ooi, or oon are finals, the w is omitted.
• When i is an initial ending with ue begins a rime
• Unlike most modern Cantonese romanization systems, a distinction is made between 卅 and 沙. The former is represented by sa while the latter is written as sha.

  Tones