Stenocereus
Stenocereus is a genus of columnar or tree-like cacti from the Baja California Peninsula and other parts of Mexico, Arizona in the United States, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Venezuela and the ABC islands of the Dutch Caribbean. The genus has been enlarged by the addition of species from several other genera. A close relative is the peculiar chinoa or chende cactus, Polaskia chende.
The flowers are mostly borne near the of the stems and mostly nocturnal. They are considered easy to grow and generally grow slowly.
Stenocereus thurberi is a well-known member of this genus and is widely distributed in Arizona and northern Mexico.
The fruit is similar to a dragon fruit. Those of Stenocereus gummosus, acidic and very refreshing, are highly favored by the Seris of northwestern Mexico who call the cactus ziix is ccapxl - "thing whose fruit is sour". It is commonly known in Spanish as pitaya agria, or by the English translation Sour Pitaya. S. griseus fruits, locally known as iguaraya, are relished by the Wayuu from the La Guajira Peninsula of Colombia.
Stenocereus are often used as ornamental plants in hot and arid regions, and as noted above, some species can double as a fruit crop.
The interior of Stenocereus trunks often grows to form tough, cane-like stakes suitable for certain kinds of construction. The Wayuu use those of Dagger Cactus for building wattle and daub walls, a technique they call yotojoro, after their name for the cactus wood "canes".
Selected species
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution | ||
| Stenocereus alamosensis A.C. Gibson & K.E. Horak | Octopus cactus, cina | Mexico | |||
| Stenocereus aragonii Buxb. | Costa Rica | ||||
| Stenocereus beneckei A. Berger & Buxb. | Central Mexico | ||||
| Stenocereus chacalapensis Buxb. | Oaxaca - Mexico | ||||
| Stenocereus chrysocarpus Sánchez-Mej. | Guerrero and Michoacán, Mexico | ||||
| Stenocereus eichlamii Buxb. ex Bravo | Guanocal, Organo, Pitahaya, Tuna | Guatemala : Chiapas - Mexico | |||
| Stenocereus eruca A.C. Gibson & K.E. Horak | Creeping devil caterpillar cactus | Baja California Sur - Mexico | |||
| Stenocereus fimbriatus Lourteig | Cuba, Hispaniola : Jamaica, Puerto Rico - Greater Antilles | ||||
| Stenocereus fricii Sánchez-Mej. | Pitayo De Aguas | Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan de Ocampo - Mexico | |||
| Stenocereus griseus Buxb. | Dagger cactus, yosú | Mexico to Venezuela | |||
| Stenocereus gummosus A. Gibson & K.E. Horak | Sour pitaya, pitaya agria, ziix is ccapxl | Baja California A.C. Gibson & K.E. Horak | Colima, Sinaloa - Mexico | ||
| Stenocereus martinezii Buxb. | Pitahayo, Pitayo | Sinaloa - Mexico | |||
| Stenocereus montanus Buxb. | Chihuahua, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora - Mexico | ||||
| Stenocereus pruinosus Buxb. | Colima, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Michoacan de Ocampo, Queretaro de Zaragoza - Mexico | ||||
| Stenocereus quevedonis Buxb. | Pitire | Sinaloa - Mexico | |||
| Stenocereus standleyi Buxb. | Pitaya Marismena | Guerrero, Sinaloa - Mexico | |||
| Stenocereus stellatus Riccob. | Baja organ pipe cactus | Oaxaca, Morelos, Puebla - Mexico | |||
| Stenocereus thurberi Buxb. | Organpipe cactus | Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sinaloa, Sonora - Mexico, Arizona - United States | |||
| Stenocereus treleasei Backeb. | Tunillo | Oaxaca - Mexico | |||
| Stenocereus yunckeri P.V. Heath | Guatemala, Honduras |