Steroidogenic enzyme
Steroidogenic enzymes are enzymes that are involved in steroidogenesis and steroid biosynthesis. They are responsible for the biosynthesis of the steroid hormones, including sex steroids and corticosteroids, as well as neurosteroids, from cholesterol. Steroidogenic enzymes are most highly expressed in classical steroidogenic tissues, such as the testis, ovary, and adrenal cortex, but are also present in other tissues in the body.List of steroidogenic enzymes
- Steroid desmolases
- * Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme – steroid synthesis
- * 17,20-Lyase – androgen synthesis
- Steroid hydroxylases
- * 11β-Hydroxylase – corticosteroid synthesis
- * 17α-Hydroxylase – androgen and glucocorticoid synthesis
- * 18-Hydroxylase – mineralocorticoid synthesis
- * 21-Hydroxylase – corticosteroid synthesis
- * Cytochrome P450 – estrogen metabolism
- Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases
- * 3α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase – androgen, progestogen, and neurosteroid synthesis and metabolism
- * 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-4-isomerase – androgen, progestogen, and neurosteroid synthesis
- * 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase – corticosteroid synthesis and metabolism
- * 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase – androgen, estrogen, and progestogen synthesis and metabolism
- * 20α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase – progestogen synthesis and metabolism
- * 20β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase – progestogen synthesis and metabolism
- Steroid reductases
- * 5α-Reductase – androgen and neurosteroid synthesis, progestogen metabolism
- * 5β-Reductase – androgen and progestogen metabolism, neurosteroid synthesis
- Conjugation
- * Glucuronosyltransferase – steroid metabolism
- * Glucuronidase – steroid synthesis
- * Steroid sulfotransferase – steroid metabolism, neurosteroid synthesis
- * Steroid sulfatase – steroid synthesis, neurosteroid metabolism
- Others
- * Aromatase – estrogen synthesis
