Katz adopts a "Contextualist" interpretation of mysticism, and has contributed to and edited a number of books dealing with mysticism. He distinguishes two basic approaches to the scientific study and understanding of mysticism: an "essentialist model" and a "contextualist model". The essentialist model argues that mystical experience is independent of the sociocultural, historical and religious context in which it occurs, and regards all mystical experience in its essence to be the same. The contextualist model states that mystical experiences are shaped by the concepts "which the mystic brings to, and which shape, his experience". What is being experienced is being determined by the expectations and the conceptual background of the mystic.
Jewish studies
Katz has argued that the Holocaust is the only genocide that has occurred in history, and defines Holocaust to include only "the travail of European Jewry" and not other victims of the Nazis. He has argued this in depth in The Holocaust in Historical Context; this was released as Volume 1 of three but it is unclear whether the planned second and third volumes have been abandoned. Katz is the editor of Modern Judaism, an academic quarterly. He was on the editorial board of the Encyclopaedia of the Holocaust. Professor Katz acts as an American representative on the European Union sponsored International Task Force on the Holocaust. Additionally, he still holds a position as Chair of the Holocaust Commission of the Memorial Foundation for Jewish Culture, after previously serving on the United States Holocaust Museum's Academic Committee for five years as their Chair.
Controversy
In early 1995 Katz's appointment as the director of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum was announced. Shortly afterward it was reported that Katz had been disciplined by Cornell for two matters. Katz had misrepresented how close a book he was writing was to publication. In documents dating to 1983 Katz had claimed that the book's publication was imminent on Harvard University Press, while it actually only appeared in 1994 on Oxford University Press. A Cornell report found that Katz had "knowingly and deliberately misrepresented his claims of completed and published scholarly works." Katz was also punished by Cornell because during a 1989 sabbatical he had accepted a paid teaching position at the University of Pennsylvania, in violation of Cornell policy. Katz maintained his innocence, but in the wake of much criticism from within the Jewish community and Holocaust museum board he stepped down in March 1995.
Selected publications
Jewish Philosophers
Jewish Ideas and Concepts
Mysticism and Philosophical Analysis
Studies by Samuel Horodezky
Saadiah Gaon
Maimonides: Selected Essays
Collected papers of Jacob Guttmann
Jewish Neo-Platonism
Medieval Jewish Philosophy
Mysticism and Religious Traditions
Post-Holocaust Dialogues: critical studies in modern Jewish thought
The Cambridge History of Nineteenth Century Religious Thought in the West" 3 Vols.
Anti-semitism in Times of Crisis
Frontiers of Jewish Thought
Mysticism and Language
Historicism, the Holocaust and Zionism: critical studies in modern Jewish thought and history
1994 - "Outstanding book in philosophy and theology" for The Holocaust in Historical Context
1999 - Dr. Leopold Lucas Prize awarded by Professor Volker Drehsen with an address entitled "Continuity and Discontinuity between Christian and Nazi Antisemitism"
2007 - National Jewish Book Award for Volume IV of The Cambridge History of Judaism, The Late Roman-Rabbinic Period
Finalist
2007 - National Jewish Book Award runner-up for Wrestling with God: Jewish Theological Responses During and After the Holocaust