Strauss
Strauss, Strauß or Straus is a common Germanic surname. Outside Germany and Austria Strauß is always spelled Strauss. In classical music, "Strauss" usually refers to Richard Strauss or Johann Strauss II.
The name has been used by families in the Germanic area for at least a thousand years. The overlord of Gröna, for example, went by the name of Struz and used the image of an ostrich as his symbol. Examples of it could still be seen on the thousand-year-old church bell of that town. "Struz" or "Strutz" is the North-German form of the word "Strauss", which is the modern German word for ostrich.
Some of the earliest Jewish bearers of the name hailed from the Judengasse in medieval Frankfurt, where families have been known by the name of the houses they inhabited. All the houses had names and these included Haus Strauss, complete with an image of an ostrich on the façade.
When, for tax purposes, Napoleon made surnames obligatory in 1808, some more Jewish families decided to adopt the Straus name.
Notable people
A–F
- Adolf Strauss , German colonel general
- Adriaan Strauss, South African Springbok rugby union player
- Andrew Strauss, South African born former English cricket captain
- Andries Strauss, South African Springbok rugby union player; brother of Irish International Richardt Strauss and cousin of Springbok Adriaan Strauss
- Annette Strauss, philanthropist and former mayor of Dallas, Texas
- Anselm Strauss, American sociologist
- Anton Strauss, German-Russian engineer, inventor and entrepreneur
- Astrid Strauss, East German swimmer
- Aurora Straus, American racecar driver
- Barry S. Strauss, American classicist and historian
- Bill Strauss , South African born Scottish footballer and cricketer
- Billy Straus, American record producer and songwriter
- Botho Strauß, German writer and playwright
- Bruce Strauss, American boxer
- Carolyn Strauss, American television executive and producer
- Christoph Straus, composer
- Claude Lévi-Strauss, French anthropologist
- D. F. M. Strauss, South African philosopher
- Darin Strauss, American writer
- David Strauss, German theologian and writer
- Dominique Strauss-Kahn, French politician, former managing director of the International Monetary Fund
- Dona Strauss, British mathematician
- Donald B. Straus, American educator, author, political advisor
- Eduard Strauss, Austrian composer, son of Johann Strauss I
- Eric Strauss, American biologist, professor at Boston College
- Ernst G. Straus, mathematician and assistant to Albert Einstein
- Erwin Straus, phenomenologist and neurologist of European origin
- Fabio Strauss, Austrian footballer
- Franz Josef Strauss, German politician
- Franz Strauss, German horn player and composer, father of Richard Strauss
G–L
- Harry L. Straus,, American electrical engineer, horse and cattle breeder, sportsman, entrepreneur and computer pioneer
- Harry Strauss, contract killer for Murder, Inc. in the 1930s
- Henry Strauss, 1st Baron Conesford, member of the British Parliament from 1935 to 1955
- Hugo Strauß, German rower
- Isidor Straus, owner of R. H. Macy Co., member of the U.S. House of Representatives, died when the steamer Titanic sank
- Ivan Štraus, Bosnian architect
- Jack Straus, American professional poker player
- Jael Strauss, contestant in America's Next Top Model, Cycle 8
- James Straus, American special effects artist and animation developer
- James Strauss , Brazilian flautist
- James D. Strauss, American theologian and professor
- Jesse I. Straus, son of Isidor Straus, president of Macy's, U.S. ambassador to France 1933–36
- Jessica Straus, American voice actress
- Jo-Ann Strauss, Miss South Africa in 2000
- Joe Straus, politician from Texas
- Joe Strauss, American baseball player
- Johann Strauss I, Austrian composer, father of Johann Strauss II, Josef Strauss, and Eduard Strauss
- Johann Strauss II, Austrian composer
- Johann Strauss III, Austrian composer, son of Eduard Strauss
- John J. Strauss, American producer and writer of film and television
- Jon Strauss, former president of Harvey Mudd College
- Josef Strauss, Austrian composer, son of Johann Strauss I
- Joseph Straus, German patent scholar
- Joseph Strauss, several people, including:
- * Joseph Strauss , American admiral
- * Joseph Strauss , chief engineer in the building of the Golden Gate Bridge in California
- Josh Strauss, South African rugby union player
- Julius Strauss, British journalist
- Julius Strauss , American photographer
- Karin Straus, Dutch politician
- Karl Strauss, German-American master brewer and co-founder of Karl Strauss Brewing Company
- Kathleen N. Straus, American educator and politician
- Kim Strauss , actor
- Jacobus Gideon Nel Strauss, aka Koos Strauss, Kosie Strauss, J. G. N. Strauss, South African politician and Leader of the opposition after Jan Smuts
- Leo Strauss, political philosopher
- Levi Strauss, several people, including:
- * Levi Strauss, Bavaria-born American entrepreneur and inventor of blue jeans
- * Claude Lévi-Strauss, French anthropologist and ethnologist
- * Dina Lévi-Strauss, French anthropologist and ethnologist, wife of the above
- Lewis Strauss American businessman and chairman of the United States Atomic Energy Commission
- Lotte Strauss, American pathologist after which Churg–Strauss syndrome is named
- Ludwig Straus, Hungarian-Austrian violinist
M–Z
- Maayan Strauss, Israeli artist
- Marianne Strauss, German Holocaust survivor
- Mark L. Strauss, New Testament professor
- Mark Strauss , American journalist
- Michael W. Straus, American government official
- Mikaela Straus, stage name King Princess, American singer-songwriter and great-great-granddaughter of Isidor and Ida Straus
- Murray A. Straus, American sociologist and professor, creator of the Conflict tactics scale
- Nathan Straus, German-American merchant and philanthropist
- Nathan Straus Jr., New York journalist and politician
- Neil Strauss, American journalist and author
- Nita Strauss, American guitarist
- Ofra Strauss, chairperson of Israeli food products manufacturer Strauss
- Oscar Straus , Austrian composer of operettas
- Oscar Straus , Secretary of Commerce and Labor under President Theodore Roosevelt
- Paul Strauss, politician from the District of Columbia
- Peter Strauss, American actor
- Ralph Straus Regula, politician from Beach City, Stark County, Ohio
- Ray Strauss, Australian cricketer
- Richard Strauss, German composer of operas and tone poems
- Richard Strauss , subject of the Ohio State University abuse scandal
- Richardt Strauss, South African rugby union player representing Ireland internationally; brother of Springbok Andries Strauss and cousin of Springbok Adriaan Strauss
- Robert Schwarz Strauss, American diplomat
- Robert Strauß, German football player
- Robert Strauss , American actor
- Robert E Strauss, American professional wrestler using the ring name Robbie E
- Roger Williams Straus Jr., co-founder of book publishers Farrar, Straus and Giroux
- Rolene Strauss, 2014 Miss South Africa and Miss World
- Sagi Strauss, Israeli footballer
- Stephen Straus, American medical researcher
- Sylvia Straus, pianist
- Thomas Strauß, German rower
- Tiaan Strauss, South African Springbok rugby union player
- Victoria Strauss, fantasy author
- Walter Alexander Strauss, American mathematician
- William Strauss,, American author, historian, playwright, lecturer and theorist
- William M. Straus,, member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
- Zoe Strauss,, American photographer
Places and institutions named Strauss or Strauß or Straus
- Karl Strauss Brewing Company, a San Diego-based Craft Beer Company
- Strauss Airfield, Airfield in Australia, named for American fighter pilot Allison W. Strauss
- Straus Clothing, a former clothing retailer in North Dakota
- Strauss Group Ltd, a food products manufacturer in Israel
- Strauss, an unincorporated community in Labette County, Kansas
Fictional Strauss characters
- Akabara Strauss, Vampire King from the manga The Record of a Fallen Vampire
- Artie Strauss, fictional character based on the real life murderer Richard Loeb of the infamous murder duo Leopold and Loeb
- Dr Arthur Strauss, fictional character who served as the original mentor of serial killer and cult leader Joe Carroll, lead character in the TV series The Following
- Erin Strauss, fictional FBI section chief played by Jayne Atkinson in the TV series Criminal Minds
- Hans and Greta Strauss, inspiration for the fairy tale of "Hansel and Gretel" according to the Buffy episode "Gingerbread"
- Judge Robert Strauss, fictional character who presided over Carrie Mathison's competency hearing in Homeland
- Justice Strauss, fictional character from A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket
- Maximilian Strauss, from the game , one of the Primogen in Los Angeles
- Mrs Strauss, an elderly client of Jimmy McGill whom he assists with estate planning in the Better Call Saul episode titled "Alpine Shepherd Boy"
- Roman Strauss, fictional conductor-composer from the 1991 psychological thriller Dead Again
- Tracy Strauss, fictional character from NBC's science fiction TV series "Heroes" by Tim Kring
- The Strauss siblings, Mirajane, Elfman, and Lisanna. All three are wizards and Fairy Tail guild members from the manga Fairy Tail by Hiro Mashima
- Leopold Strauss, loan shark and bookkeeper of the Van der Linde gang in the 2018 videogame Red Dead Redemption 2