Strong dual space


In functional analysis, the strong dual of a topological vector space X is the continuous dual space of X equipped with the strong topology or the topology of uniform convergence on bounded subsets of X, where this topology is denoted by or.
The strong dual space plays such an important role in modern functional analysis, that the continuous dual space is usually assumed to have the strong dual topology unless indicated otherwise.
To emphasize that the continuous dual space,, has the strong dual topology, or may be written.

Strong dual topology

Definition from a dual system

Let be a dual system of vector spaces over the field of real or complex numbers.
Note that neither X nor Y has a topology so we define a subset B of X to be bounded if and only if for all.
This is equivalent to the usual notion of bounded subsets when X is given the weak topology induced by Y, which is a Hausdorff locally convex topology.
The definition of the strong dual topology now proceeds as in the case of a TVS.
Note that if X is a TVS whose continuous dual space separates point on X, then X is part of a canonical dual system where.

Definition on a TVS

Suppose that X is a topological vector space over the field of real or complex numbers.
Let be any fundamental system of bounded sets of X ;
the set of all bounded subsets of X trivially forms a fundamental system of bounded sets of X.
A basis of closed neighborhoods of the origin in is given by the polars:
as B ranges over ).
This is a locally convex topology that is given by the set of seminorms on :
as B ranges over.
If X is normable then so is and will in fact be a Banach space.
If X is a normed space with norm then has a canonical norm given by ;
the topology that this norm induces on is identical to the strong dual topology.

Properties

Let be a locally convex TVS.