Tax information exchange agreement
Tax information exchange agreements provide for the exchange of information on request relating to a specific criminal or civil tax investigation or civil tax matters under investigation. A model TIEA was developed by the OECD Global Forum Working Group on Effective Exchange of Information.
This exchange of information on request was supplemented by an automatic process on 29 October 2014. The automatic process is to be based on a Common Reporting Standard.
Purposes
Typically, a TIEA contains the following provisions:- It provides for exchange of information that is "foreseeably relevant" to the administration and enforcement of domestic tax laws on the Contracting Parties.
- The information provided under TIEA is protected by confidentiality obligations. Disclosure can be made to courts or judicial forums only for the purpose of determination of the taxation matter in question.
- Information requested may relate to a person who is not a resident of a Contracting Party.
- There is an obligation on part of requested Party to gather information if it is not in its possession, notwithstanding that it does not itself need that information. Therefore, no "domestic interest" for tax purposes is required for the provision of information.
- Information is defined in an expansive manner to cover banking details, ownership details of companies/persons/funds/trusts etc.
- Apart from exchange of information, representatives of one Party may be permitted to conduct tax examinations in territory of another party including interviews of individuals and examination of records.
Bilateral agreements (by date of signature)
- Denmark - Guatemala
- Greenland - Guatemala
- Finland - Guatemala
- Iceland - Guatemala
- Faroe Islands - Guatemala
- Norway - Guatemala
- Sweden - Guatemala
- Denmark - Uruguay
- Faroe Islands - Uruguay
- Greenland - Uruguay
- Iceland - Uruguay
- Norway - Uruguay
- Sweden - Uruguay
- Iceland - Mauritius
- Denmark - Mauritius
- Faroe Islands - Mauritius
- Finland - Mauritius
- Greenland - Mauritius
- Norway - Mauritius
- Czech Republic - San Marino
- Greenland - Barbados
- Denmark - Barbados
- Faroe Islands - Barbados
- Faroe Islands - Bahrain
- Denmark - Bahrain
- Finland - Bahrain
- Greenland - Bahrain
- Iceland - Bahrain
- Norway - Bahrain
- Sweden - Bahrain
- The Bahamas - South Africa
- Bermuda - South Africa
- Bermuda - Argentina
- Czech Republic - Bermuda
- Australia - Liberia
- Aruba - The Bahamas
- The Bahamas - Guernsey
- Czech Republic - Isle of Man
- Australia - Macao
- Czech Republic - Jersey
- Australia - Costa Rica
- Sweden - Costa Rica
- Norway - Costa Rica
- Denmark - Costa Rica
- Finland - Costa Rica
- Iceland - Costa Rica
- Faroe Islands - Costa Rica
- Greenland - Costa Rica
- Slovenia - Isle of Man
- Bermuda - Indonesia
- Isle of Man - Indonesia
- Japan - Isle of Man
- Australia - Liechtenstein
- Czech Republic - British Virgin Islands
- Ireland - Vanuatu
- Grenada - Vanautu
- San Marino - Vanuatu
- Denmark - Macau
- Faroe Islands - Macau
- Finland - Macau
- Greenland - Macau
- Iceland - Macau
- Norway - Macau
- Sweden - Macau
- Greenland - The Seychelles
- Faroe Islands - The Seychelles
- Iceland - The Seychelles
- Finland - The Seychelles
- Denmark - The Seychelles
- Norway - The Seychelles
- Sweden - The Seychelles
- Ghana - Liberia
- India - The Bahamas
- Japan - The Bahamas
- Sweden - Liechtenstein
- Denmark - Liechtenstein
- Faroe Islands - Liechtenstein
- Greenland - Liechtenstein
- Iceland - Liechtenstein
- Finland - Liechtenstein
- Norway - Liechtenstein
- Argentina - People's Republic of China
- Australia - Mauritius
- Bermuda - People's Republic of China
- United States - Panama
- Australia - Montserrat
- Aruba - St. Kitts and Nevis
- France - Belize
- Finland - Montserrat
- Norway - Montserrat
- Denmark - Montserrat
- Greenland - Montserrat
- Iceland - Montserrat
- Sweden - Montserrat
- Faroe Islands - Montserrat
- Mexico - Cook Islands
- Ireland - Belize
- Denmark - Liberia
- Sweden - Liberia
- Norway - Liberia
- Faroe Islands - Liberia
- Greenland - Liberia
- Iceland - Liberia
- Finland - Liberia
- United Kingdom - Aruba
- United Kingdom - Liberia
- Canada - San Marino
- Portugal - Belize
- Greenland - Vanuatu
- Sweden - Vanuatu
- Norway - Vanuatu
- Iceland - Vanuatu
- Finland - Vanuatu
- Faroe Islands - Vanuatu
- Denmark - Vanuatu
- India - Bermuda
- Germany - British Virgin Islands
- Portugal - British Virgin Islands
- Portugal - Dominica
- Ireland - Marshall Islands
- Guernsey - San Marino
- Norway - Marshall Islands
- Iceland - Marshall Islands
- Greenland - Marshall Islands
- Finland - Marshall Islands
- Faroe Islands - Marshall Islands
- Sweden - Marshall Islands
- Denmark - Marshall Islands
- Germany - Dominica
- Finland - Belize
- Norway - Belize
- Iceland - Belize
- Denmark - Belize
- Greenland - Belize
- Faroe Islands - Belize
- Sweden - Belize
- France - Cook Islands
- Portugal - Antigua & Barbuda
- United Kingdom - Netherlands Antilles
- Spain - San Marino
- Antigua and Barbuda - Aruba
- Mexico - Cayman Islands
- New Zealand - Samoa
- New Zealand - Marshall Islands
- New Zealand - Vanuatu
- Portugal - St. Kitts and Nevis
- Germany - Monaco
- Portugal - St. Lucia
- Portugal - Jersey
- Portugal - Isle of Man
- Portugal - Guernsey
- Canada - Dominica
- Canada - Cayman Islands
- Sweden - Monaco
- Iceland - Monaco
- Norway - Monaco
- Finland - Monaco
- Denmark - Monaco
- Greenland - Monaco
- Faroe - Monaco
- Canada - Saint-Lucia
- Canada - The Bahamas
- Canada - Bermuda
- Canada - St. Kitts and Nevis
- Germany - Saint Lucia
- Germany - Turks and Caicos Islands
- Germany - Cayman Islands
- Netherlands - Liberia
- Norway - Antigua and Barbuda
- Norway - Dominica
- Norway - Grenada
- Norway - Saint Lucia
- Groenland - Antigua and Barbuda
- Groenland - Dominica
- Groenland - Grenada
- Groenland - Saint Lucia
- Sweden - Grenada
- Sweden - Dominica
- Sweden - Saint Lucia
- Sweden - Antigua and Barbuda
- Iceland - Grenada
- Iceland - Dominica
- Iceland - Saint Lucia
- Iceland - Antigua and Barbuda
- Finland - Antigua and Barbuda
- Finland - Dominica
- Finland - Grenada
- Finland - Saint Lucia
- Faroe Islands - Grenada
- Faroe Islands - Saint Lucia
- Faroe Islands - Dominica
- Faroe Islands - Antigua and Barbuda
- Denmark - Grenada
- Denmark - Dominica
- Portugal - Cayman Islands
- Australia - Marshall Islands
- Aruba - Saint-Lucia
- Portugal - Bermuda
- Netherlands - Gibraltar
- Australia - Vanuatu
- Aruba - Cayman Islands
- France - St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Germany - Bahamas
- Australia - Monaco
- France - St. Kitts and Nevis
- France - Saint Lucia
- Australia - Dominica
- Australia - Belize
- United Kingdom - Grenada
- United Kingdom - Dominica
- France - Grenada
- Australia - Turks and the Caicos
- Australia - Grenada
- Australia - Saint Lucia
- Australia - Cayman Islands
- Australia - Bahamas
- Germany - St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- France - Antigua and Barbuda
- United Kingdom - Belize
- Finland - St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Iceland - St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Sweden - St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Faroe - St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Norway - St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Greenland - St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Iceland - St Kitts and Nevis
- Sweden - St Kitts and Nevis
- Faroe - St Kitts and Nevis
- Norway - St Kitts and Nevis
- Greenland - St Kitts and Nevis
- Finland - St Kitts and Nevis
- Australia - Anguilla
- Germany - Anguilla
- Australia - St Vincent and the Grenadines
- Belgium - Grenada
- New Zealand - Dominica
- New Zealand - St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Spain - Bahamas
- Finland - Bahamas
- Iceland - Bahamas
- Norway - Bahamas
- Sweden - Bahamas
- Greenland - Bahamas
- The Faroe Islands
- Denmark - Bahamas
- Australia - Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Australia - San Marino
- Belgium - Dominica
- Sweden - Andorra
- Iceland - Andorra
- Greenland - Andorra
- Norway - Andorra
- Faroe Islands - Andorra
- Finland - Andorra
- Denmark - Andorra
- Mexico - The Bahamas
- Netherlands - Grenada
- United Kingdom - San Marino
- Belgium - Montserrat
- Netherlands - Belize
- Japan - Bermuda
- France - Uruguay
- Netherlands - San Marino
- United Kingdom - St Kitts & Nevis
- United Kingdom - Saint Lucia
- United Kingdom - St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- United Kingdom - Antigua & Barbuda
- Spain - Andorra
- Finland - San Marino
- Norway - San Marino
- Sweden - San Marino
- Iceland - San Marino
- Denmark - San Marino
- Netherlands - Monaco
- France - Vanuatu
- Belgium - Belize
- Ireland - Saint Lucia
- Belgium - Saint-Kitts and Nevis
- Belgium - Gibraltar
- Australia - Samoa
- Australia - Aruba
- Demark - Cook Islands
- Denmark - Samoa
- Faroe Islands - Cook Islands
- Faroe Islands - Samoa
- Faroe Islands - Turks & Caicos
- Finland - Cook Islands
- Finland - Samoa
- Finland - Turks & Caicos
- Greenland - Cook Islands
- Greenland - Samoa
- Greenland - Turks & Caicos
- Iceland - Cook Islands
- Iceland - Gibraltar
- Iceland - Samoa
- Iceland - Turks & Caicos
- Norway - Cook Islands
- Norway - Gibraltar
- Norway - Samoa
- Norway - Turks & Caicos
- Sweden - Cook Islands
- Sweden - Gibraltar
- Sweden - Samoa
- Sweden - Turks & Caicos
- Ireland - Antigua & Barbuda
- Ireland - St Vincent & Grenadines
- Faroe Islands - Anguilla
- Finland - Anguilla
- Greenland - Anguilla
- Iceland - Anguilla
- Norway - Anguilla
- Sweden - Anguilla
- New Zealand - Turks & Caicos
- New Zealand - Anguilla
- Liechtenstein - St Kitts & Nevis
- Denmark - Saint Lucia
- Netherlands - Montserrat
- Ireland - Cook Islands
- Ireland - Samoa
- Argentina - San Marino
- Belgium - St Lucia
- Belgium - St Vincent & the Grenadines
- Belgium - Antigua & Barbuda
- Bahamas - France
- Ireland - British Virgin Islands
- Bahamas - Belgium
- Bahamas - Netherlands
- Bahamas - Argentina
- St. Lucia - The Netherlands
- Bahamas - China
- Portugal - Andorra
- New Zealand - Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Liechtenstein - Antigua & Barbuda
- Argentina - Costa Rica
- New Zealand - Bahamas
- Belgium - Liechtenstein
- Netherlands - Liechtenstein
- Andorra - Netherlands
- Antigua and Barbuda - Netherlands Antilles
- St. Lucia - Netherlands Antilles
- Netherlands Antilles - Cayman Islands
- United Kingdom - Bahamas
- Australia - Cook Islands
- Argentina - Andorra
- Netherlands - Cook Islands
- Belgium - Andorra
- Aruba - Bermuda
- Faroe Islands - Gibraltar
- Finland - Gibraltar
- Greenland - Gibraltar
- Mexico - Bermuda
- Portugal - Gibraltar
- Ireland - Liechtenstein
- Argentina - Monaco
- France - Bermuda
- Australia - Guernsey
- France - Cayman Islands
- Liechtenstein - St Vincent & the Grenadines
- The Bahamas
- The Bahamas - San Marino
- France - Turks and Caicos
- France - San Marino
- France - Liechtenstein
- France - Gibraltar
- France - Andorra
- Greenland - San Marino
- Monaco - Liechtenstein
- Monaco - Andorra
- Monaco - Bahamas
- Andorra - San Marino
- Andorra - Liechtenstein
- Austria - Gibraltar
- Austria - Andorra
- Austria - Monaco
- Austria - St Vincent & the Grendines
- Netherlands - Samoa
- Netherlands - British Virgin Islands
- Aruba - British Virgin Islands
- Netherlands Antilles - British Virgin Islands
- Netherlands Antilles - St Kitts & Nevis
- Aruba - St Kitts & Nevis
- Denmark - Aruba
- The Faroe Islands - Aruba
- Finland - Aruba
- Greenland - Aruba
- Iceland - Aruba
- Norway - Aruba
- Sweden - Aruba
- Denmark - Netherlands Antilles
- The Faroe Islands - Netherlands Antilles
- Finland - Netherlands Antilles
- Greenland - Netherlands Antilles
- Iceland - Netherlands Antilles
- Sweden - Netherlands Antilles
- The Faroe Islands - San Marino
- United States - Monaco
- Denmark – Turks & Caicos Islands
- Monaco - Samoa
- Netherlands - Antigua & Barbuda
- Denmark - Antigua
- Denmark - Gibraltar
- Denmark - Anguilla
- Germany - Liechtenstein
- Netherlands - St Vincent & the Grenadines
- Denmark - St Vincent & Grenadines
- Denmark - St Kitts & Nevis
- Netherlands – St Kitts & Nevis
- Mexico - Netherlands Antilles
- San Marino - Samoa
- Aruba - St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Canada - Netherlands Antilles
- United Kingdom/Gibraltar
- Australia/Gibraltar
- New Zealand - British Virgin Islands
- New Zealand - Cayman Islands
- New Zealand - Gibraltar
- Germany - Gibraltar
- Liechtenstein - UK
- Monaco - San Marino
- Bermuda - Ireland
- New Zealand - Isle of Man
- New Zealand - Jersey
- United Kingdom - Turks & Caicos
- Netherlands - Turks & Caicos
- Netherlands - Anguilla
- Ireland - Turks & Caicos
- Ireland - Anguilla
- New Zealand - Guernsey
- UK - Anguilla
- Belgium - Monaco
- New Zealand - Cook Islands
- The Netherlands - The Cayman Islands
- Germany - Bermuda
- Ireland - Gibraltar
- Ireland - Cayman Islands
- France - British Virgin Islands
- Australia - Jersey
- The Netherlands - Bermuda
- Denmark - British Virgin Islands
- Faroes - British Virgin Islands
- Finland - British Virgin Islands
- Greenland - British Virgin Islands
- Iceland - British Virgin Islands
- Norway - British Virgin Islands
- Sweden - British Virgin Islands
- New Zealand - Bermuda
- Denmark - Bermuda Denmark - Cayman Islands
- Faroes - Bermuda Faroes - Cayman Islands
- Finland - Bermuda Finland - Cayman Islands
- Greenland - Bermuda Greenland - Cayman Islands
- Iceland - Bermuda Iceland - Cayman Islands
- Norway - Bermuda Norway - Cayman Islands
- Sweden - Bermuda Sweden - Cayman Islands
- Denmark - Cayman Islands
- Faroes - Cayman Islands
- Finland - Cayman Islands
- Greenland - Cayman Islands
- Iceland - Cayman Islands
- Norway - Cayman Islands
- Sweden - Cayman Islands
- USA - Gibraltar
- France - Isle of Man
- Ireland - Jersey
- Ireland - Guernsey
- Germany - Guernsey
- France - Guernsey
- France - Jersey
- The United Kingdom - Jersey
- Germany - Isle of Man
- Australia - Isle of Man
- The United Kingdom - Guernsey
- The United States - Liechtenstein
- Portugal - Andorra
- Spain - Aruba
- United Kingdom - British Virgin Islands
- Denmark - Guernsey
- Denmark - Jersey
- Faroes - Guernsey
- Faroes - Jersey
- Finland - Guernsey
- Finland - Jersey
- Greenland - Guernsey
- Greenland - Jersey
- Iceland - Guernsey
- Iceland - Jersey
- Norway - Guernsey
- Norway - Jersey
- Sweden - Guernsey
- Sweden - Jersey
- Australia - British Virgin Islands
- Isle of Man - United Kingdom
- Jersey - Germany
- Netherlands Antilles - Spain
- Guernsey - Netherlands
- Isle of Man - Ireland
- Bermuda - United Kingdom
- Denmark - Isle of Man
- Faroes - Isle of Man
- Finland - Isle of Man
- Greenland - Isle of Man
- Iceland - Isle of Man
- Isle of Man - Norway
- Isle of Man - Sweden
- Jersey - Netherlands
- Netherlands Antilles - New Zealand
- Australia - Netherlands Antilles
- Antigua & Barbuda - Australia
- Isle of Man - Kingdom of The Netherlands
- Aruba - United States
- Jersey - United States
- Isle of Man - United States
- Guernsey - United States
- Netherlands Antilles - United States
- British Virgin Islands - United States
- Bahamas - United States
- Cayman Islands - United States
- Antigua & Barbuda - United States
Controversies