Technical University of Berlin
The Technical University of Berlin is a research university located in Berlin, Germany. It was the first German university to adopt the name "Technische Universität".
The university alumni and professor list includes several US National Academies members, two National Medal of Science laureates and seven Nobel Prize winners.
TU Berlin is a member of TU9, an incorporated society of the largest and most notable German institutes of technology and of the Top Industrial Managers for Europe network, which allows for student exchanges between leading engineering schools. It belongs to the Conference of European Schools for Advanced Engineering Education and Research. The TU Berlin is home of two innovation centers designated by the European Institute of Innovation and Technology. The university is labeled as "The Entrepreneurial University" by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy.
The university is notable for having been the first to offer a degree in Industrial Engineering and Management. The university designed the degree in response to requests by industrialists for graduates with the technical and management training to run a company. First offered in winter term 1926/27, it is one of the oldest programmes of its kind.
TU Berlin has one of the highest proportions of international students in Germany, almost 27% in 2019.
In addition, TU Berlin is part of the Berlin University Alliance, has been conferred the title of "University of Excellence" under and receiving funding from the German Universities Excellence Initiative.
History
On 1 April 1879, the Königlich Technische Hochschule zu Berlin came into being in 1879 through a merger of the Royal Trade Academy and Royal Building Academy, two predecessor institutions of the Prussian State.In 1899, the Königlich Technische Hochschule zu Berlin was the first polytechnic in Germany to award doctorates, as a standard degree for the graduates, in addition to diplomas, thanks to professor Alois Riedler and Adolf Slaby, chairman of the Association of German Engineers and the Association for Electrical, Electronic and Information Technologies.
In 1916 the long-standing Königliche Bergakademie zu Berlin, the Prussian mining academy created by the geologist Carl Abraham Gerhard in 1770 at the behest of King Frederick the Great, was incorporated into the Königlich Technische Hochschule as the "Department of Mining". Beforehand, the mining college had been, however, for several decades under the auspices of the Frederick William University, before it was spun out again in 1860.
After Charlottenburg's absorption into Greater Berlin in 1920 and Germany being turned into Weimar Republic, the Königlich Technische Hochschule zu Berlin was renamed "Technische Hochschule zu Berlin". In 1927, the Department of Geodesy of the Agricultural College of Berlin was incorporated into the TH Berlin. During the 1930s, the redevelopment and expansion of the campus along the "East-West axis" were part of the Nazi plans of a Welthauptstadt Germania, including a new faculty of defense technology under General Karl Becker, built as a part of the greater academic town in the adjacent west-wise Grunewald forest. The shell construction remained unfinished after the outbreak of World War II and after Becker's suicide in 1940, it is today covered by the large-scale Teufelsberg dumping.
The north section of the main building of the university was destroyed during a bombing raid in November 1943. Due to the street fighting at the end of the Second World War, the operations at the TH Berlin were suspended as of 20 April 1945. Planning for the re-opening of the school began on 2 June 1945, once the acting rectorship led by Gustav Ludwig Hertz and Max Volmer was appointed. As both Hertz and Volmer remained in exile in the Soviet Union for some time to come, the college was not re-inaugurated until 9 April 1946, now bearing the name "Technische Universität Berlin".
Since 2009 the TU Berlin houses two Knowledge and Innovation Communities designated by the European Institute of Innovation and Technology.
Campus
The TU Berlin covers 604,000 m², distributed over various locations in Berlin.The main campus is located in the borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. The seven schools of the university have some 33,933 students enrolled in 90 subjects.
Technische Universität Berlin has established a satellite campus in Egypt, the El Gouna campus, to act as a scientific and academic field office. The nonprofit public–private partnership aims to offer services provided by Technische Universität Berlin at the campus in El Gouna on the Red Sea.
The university also has a franchise of its Global Production Engineering course - called Global Production Engineering and Management at the Vietnamese-German University in Ho Chi Minh City.
Organization
Since 2002, the TU Berlin has consisted of the following faculties and institutes:- Faculty I - Humanities and Educational Sciences
- * Institute of History and Philosophy of Science, Technology, and Literature
- * Institute for Art History and Historical Urbanism
- * Institute of Education
- * Institute of Language and Communication
- * Institute of Vocational Education and Work Studies
- *Center for Research on Antisemitism
- * Center for Interdisciplinary Women’s and Gender Studies
- * Center for Cultural Studies on Science and Technology in China
- Faculty II - Mathematics and Natural Sciences
- * Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics
- * Institute of Chemistry
- * Institute of Solid-State Physics
- * Institute of Mathematics
- * Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics
- * Institute of Theoretical Physics
- Faculty III - Process Sciences
- * Institute of Biotechnology
- * Institute of Energy Technology
- * Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry
- * Institute of Chemical and Process Engineering
- * Institute of Environmental Technology
- * Institute of Material Sciences and Technology
- Faculty IV - Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
- * Institute of Energy and Automation Technology
- * Institute of High-Frequency and Semiconductor System Technologies
- * Institute of Telecommunication Systems
- * Institute of Computer Engineering and Microelectronics
- * Institute of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science
- * Institute of Commercial Information Technology and Quantitative Methods
- Faculty V - Mechanical Engineering and Transport Systems
- * Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Technical Aacoustics
- * Institute of Psychology and Ergonomics
- * Institute of Land and Sea Transport Systems
- * Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- * Institute of Engineering Design, and Micro and Medical Technology
- * Institute of Machine Tools and Factory Management
- * Institute of Mechanics
- Faculty VI - Planning Building Environment
- * Institute of Architecture
- * Institute of Civil Engineering
- * Institute of Applied Geosciences
- * Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science
- * Institute of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning
- * Institute of Ecology
- * Institute of Sociology
- * Institute of Urban and Regional Planning
- Faculty VII - Economics and Management
- * Institute for Technology and Management
- * Institute of Business Administration
- * Institute of Economics and Law
- School of Education
- Central Institute El Gouna
Name
Faculty and staff
As of 2015, 8,455 people work at the university: 338 professors, 2,598 postgraduate researchers, and 2,131 personnel work in administration, the workshops, the library, and the central facilities. In addition, there are 2,651 student assistants and 126 trainees.International student mobility is available through the ERASMUS programme or through the Top Industrial Managers for Europe network.
Library
The new common main library of Technische Universität Berlin and of the Berlin University of the Arts was opened in 2004 and holds about 2.9 million volumes. The library building was sponsored partially by Volkswagen and is named officially "University Library of the TU Berlin and UdK ". A source of confusion to many, the letters above the main entrance only state "Volkswagen Bibliothek" – without any mentioning of the universities.Some of the former 17 libraries of Technische Universität Berlin and of the nearby University of the Arts were merged into the new library, but several departments still retain libraries of their own. In particular, the school of 'Economics and Management' maintains a library with 340,000 volumes in the university's main building and the 'Department of Mathematics' maintains a library with 60,000 volumes in the Mathematics building.
Notable alumni and professors
- Bruno Ahrends, architect
- Steffen Ahrends, architect
- Stancho Belkovski, Bulgarian architect, head of Higher Technical School in Sofia and the department of public buildings.
- August Borsig, businessman
- Carl Bosch, chemist, Nobel prize winner 1931
- Franz Breisig, mathematician, inventor of the calibration wire and father of the term quadripole network in electrical engineering.
- Wilhelm Cauer, mathematician, essential contributions to the design of filters.
- Henri Marie Coandă, aircraft designer; discovered the Coandă Effect.
- Carl Dahlhaus, musicologist.
- George de Hevesy, chemist, Nobel prize winner 1943
- Walter Dornberger, developer of the Air Force-NASA X-20 Dyna-Soar project.
- Ottmar Edenhofer, economist
- Krafft Arnold Ehricke, rocket-propulsion engineer, worked for the NASA, chief designer of the Centaur
- Klaus Heine, lecturer in brand management
- Gerhard Ertl Physicist and Surface Chemist, Hon. Prof. and Nobel prize winner 2007
- Gottfried Feder, economist and key member of the National Socialist Party
- Wigbert Fehse German engineer and researcher in the area of automatic space navigation, guidance, control and docking/berthing.
- Dennis Gabor, physicist, Nobel prize winner 1971
- Fritz Gosslau, German engineer, known for his work at the V-1 flying bomb.
- Fritz Haber, chemist, Nobel prize winner 1918.
- Sabine Hark, sociologist and professor of gender studies
- Gustav Ludwig Hertz, physicist, Nobel prize winner 1925
- Olga Holtz, mathematician
- Fritz Houtermans atomic and nuclear physicist
- Hugo Junkers, former of Junkers & Co, a major German aircraft manufacturer.
- Anatol Kagan, Russian-born Australian architect.
- Helmut Kallmeyer, German chemist and Action T4 perpetrator
- Walter Kaufmann, physicist, well known for his first experimental proof of the velocity dependence of mass.
- Diébédo Francis Kéré, architect
- Nicolas Kitsikis, Greek civil engineer, rector of the Athens Polytechnic School, senator and member of the Greek Parliament, doctor honoris causa of the Technische Universität Berlin.
- Heinz-Hermann Koelle former director of the Army Ballistic Missile Agency, member of the launch crew on Explorer I and later directed the NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center's involvement in Project Apollo.
- Hans-Georg Münzberg, airflight propulsion
- Abdul Qadeer Khan, Pakistani nuclear physicist and metallurgical engineer, who founded the uranium enrichment program for Pakistan's atomic bomb project.
- Franz Kruckenberg, designer of the first aerodynamic high-speed train 1931
- Karl Küpfmüller, electrical engineer, essential contributions to system theory
- Wassili Luckhardt, architect
- Georg Hans Madelung, a German academic and aeronautical engineer.
- Herbert Franz Mataré, German physicist and Transistor-pioneer
- Alexander Meissner, electrical engineer
- Joachim Milberg, Former CEO of BMW AG.
- Erwin Wilhelm Müller, physicist
- Hans-Georg Münzberg, engineer, airplane turbines
- Gustav Niemann, mechanical engineer
- Ida Noddack, nominated three times for Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
- Jakob Karol Parnas, biochemist, Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway
- Wolfgang Paul, physicist, Nobel prize winner 1989
- Franz Reuleaux, mechanical engineer, often called the father of kinematics
- Klaus Riedel, German rocket pioneer, worked on the V-2 missile programme at Peenemünde.
- Alois Riedler, inventor of the Leavitt-Riedler Pumping Engine; proponent of practically-oriented engineering education.
- Hermann Rietschel, inventor of modern HVAC.
- Arthur Rudolph worked for the U.S. Army and NASA, developer of Pershing missile and the Saturn V Moon rocket.
- Ernst Ruska, physicist, Nobel prize winner 1986
- Karl Friedrich Schinkel, architect
- Eckehard Schöll, physicist and mathematician
- Cindy Shih, artist
- Adolf Slaby, German wireless pioneer
- Albert Speer, architect, politician, Minister for Armaments during the Third Reich, was sentenced to 20 years prison in the Nuremberg trials
- Ivan Stranski, chemist, considered the father of crystal growth research
- Zdenko Strižić, architect
- Ernst Stuhlinger, member of the Army Ballistic Missile Agency, director of the space science lab at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center.
- Kurt Tank, head of design department of Focke-Wulf, designed the Fw 190
- Hermann W. Vogel, photo-chemist
- Tim Vogels, computational neuroscientist
- Wernher von Braun, head of Nazi Germany's V-2 rocket program, saved from prosecution at the Nuremberg Trials by Operation Paperclip, first director of the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Marshall Space Flight Center, called the father of the U.S. space program.
- Elisabeth von Knobelsdorff, engineer and architect
- Chaim Weizmann, first President of Israel
- Wilhelm Heinrich Westphal, physicist
- Eugene Wigner, physicist, discovered the Wigner-Ville-distribution, Nobel prize winner 1963
- Ludwig Wittgenstein, philosopher
- Martin C. Wittig, Former CEO of the management consultant firm Roland Berger Strategy Consultants.
- Elisa Leonida Zamfirescu chemist, graduated 1912, female engineering pioneer.
- Günter M. Ziegler, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize
- Konrad Zuse, computer pioneer
Rankings
According to the research report of the German Research Foundation from 2018, TU Berlin ranks 24th absolute among German universities across all scientific disciplines. Thereby TU Berlin ranks 9th absolute in natural sciences and engineering. The TU Berlin took 14th place absolute in computer science and 5th place absolute in electrical engineering. In a competitive selection process, the DFG selects the best research projects from researchers at universities and research institutes and finances them. The ranking is thus regarded as an indicator of the quality of research.
In the 2017 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, globally the TU Berlin ranks 82nd overall, 40th in the field of Engineering & Technology and 36th in Computer science discipline, making it one of the top 100 universities worldwide in all three measures.
As of 2016, TU Berlin is ranked 164th overall and 35th in the field of Engineering & Technology according to the British QS World University Rankings. It is one of Germany's highest ranked universities in statistics and operations research and in Mathematics according to QS.