Terminologia Anatomica


Terminologia Anatomica is the international standard on human anatomic terminology. It was developed by the Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology and the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists and was released in 1998. It supersedes the previous standard, Nomina Anatomica. Terminologia Anatomica contains terminology for about 7500 human gross anatomical structures. In April 2011, Terminologia Anatomica was published online by the Federative International Programme on Anatomical Terminologies, the successor of FCAT.

Categories of anatomical structures

The TA divides anatomical structures into the following main categories :

A01: General anatomy (anatomia generalis)

  1. Parts of human body
  2. Planes, lines and regions

    A02: Bones (ossa)

  1. Cranium
  2. Bones of cranium
  3. Vertebral column
  4. Bones of upper limb
  5. Bones of lower limb

    A03: Joints (juncturae)

  1. Joints of skull
  2. Vertebral joints
  3. Thoracic joint
  4. Joints of pelvic girdle

  6. A04: Muscles (musculi)

  1. Muscles of head
  2. Muscles of neck
  3. Muscles of back
  4. Muscles of thorax
  5. Muscles of abdomen
  6. Muscles of upper limb
  7. Muscles of lower limb
  8. Tendon sheaths and bursae

    A05: Alimentary system (systema digestorium)

  9. Mouth
  10. Fauces
  11. Pharynx
  12. Oesophagus
  13. Stomach
  14. Small intestine
  15. Large intestine
  16. Liver, Gallbladder
  17. Pancreas

    A06: Respiratory system (systema respiratorium)

  18. Nose
  19. Larynx
  20. Trachea
  21. Bronchi
  22. Lungs

    A07: Thoracic cavity (cavitas thoracis)

A08: Urinary system (systema urinarium)

  1. Kidney
  2. Ureter
  3. Urinary bladder
  4. Female urethra
  5. Male urethra

    A09: Genital systems (systemata genitalia)

  6. Female internal genitalia
  7. Female external genitalia
  8. Male internal genitalia
  9. Male external genitalia
  10. Perineum

    A10: Abdominopelvic cavity (cavitas abdominis et pelvis)

Source:

A11: Endocrine glands (glandulae )

  1. Pituitary gland
  2. Pineal gland
  3. Thyroid gland
  4. Parathyroid gland
  5. Suprarenal gland
  6. Pancreatic islets

    A12: Cardiovascular system (systema cardiovasculare)

  1. Heart
  2. Arteries
  3. Veins
  4. Lymphatic trunks and ducts

    A13: Lymphoid system (systema lymphoideum)

  5. Primary lymphoid organs
  6. Secondary lymphoid organs
  7. Regional lymph nodes

    A14: Nervous system (systema nervosum)

  1. Central nervous system
  2. # Meninges
  3. # Spinal cord
  4. # Brain
  5. # Medulla oblongata
  6. # Pons
  7. # Mesencephalon
  8. # Cerebellum
  9. # Diencephalon
  10. # Telencephalon
  11. Peripheral nervous system
  12. # Cranial nerves
  13. # Spinal nerves
  14. Autonomic nervous system

    A15: Sense organs (organa sensuum)

  15. Olfactory organ
  16. Eye and related structures
  17. Ear
  18. Gustatory organ

    A16: The integument (integumentum commune)

  1. Subcutaneous tissue