Thalictrum flavum


Thalictrum flavum, known by the common names common meadow-rue, and yellow meadow-rue, is a flowering plant species in the family Ranunculaceae. It is a native to Caucasus and Russia. Growing to tall by broad, it is an herbaceous perennial producing clusters of fluffy yellow fragrant flowers in summer.

Description

Thalictrum flavum has fibrous roots, and has wedge-shaped, dark green leaves, with a paler green underneath, they are divided into multiple sections.
It blooms between June and August. The flowers are composed of short sepals and longer, erect stamens. The sepals are actually white, but the multiple erect, yellow stamens, give the flower a yellow appearance. Later, three fruits are formed from each flower head.

Phytochemistry

The plant contains an enzyme called pavine N-methyltransferase, which modifies a variety of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids including the eponymous alkaloid pavine. Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids like pavine often have a variety of pharmacological actions, and as a result some have medical uses such as analgesic or anticancer effects while others have significant toxicity. T. flavum also contains another benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, thalidezine, which is also present in other Thalictrum species.

Taxonomy

It was first described and published by Carl Linnaeus, in his book 'Species Plantarum', on page 546 in 1753. The specific epithet flavum means "pure yellow".
The subspecies T. flavum subsp. glaucum has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
The common name 'meadow rue' is thought to have derived from 'meadow rhubarb'.
It is written as 黄唐松草 in Chinese script and known as huang tang song cao in Pidgin in China.
It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 24 January 1997.

Distribution and habitat

It is very widespread, and is native to temperate regions of Asia, Northern Africa and Europe.

Range

It is found in Northern Africa within Algeria. In Europe, it is found in Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine,, Austria; Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Switzerland,
Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Italy, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia,
France and Spain. In Asia, it is found in the Caucasus, Russian Federation,, China, Kazakhstan, Siberia
and Turkey.
It has naturalised in the UK, and found in southern and western England, as well as in Scotland and Ireland.

Habitat

It is found generally in grasslands, marshy fields, fens and riverbanks.

Ecology

It is pollinated mainly by flies and bees, with wind dispersal of the seeds.
The larva of the Perizoma sagittata are found on the plant, eating the seeds and the flowers.

Uses

Medicinal

It has been used in folk medicine in the UK, the foliage has been used a purgative.