The Few
The Few were the airmen of the Royal Air Force and the aviators of the Fleet Air Arm, Royal Navy who fought the Battle of Britain in the Second World War. The term comes from Winston Churchill's phrase "Never, in the field of human conflict, was so much owed by so many to so few." It also alludes to Shakespeare's famous speech in his play, Henry V: "We few, we happy few, we band of brothers..."
Aircrew
Nearly 3,000 men were awarded the "Battle of Britain" clasp. As six of the seven longest surviving veterans of the battle died between June 2019 and May 2020 as of 8 May 2020, only one survivor of The Few is still living.By one tally, British RAF aircrew numbered 2,353 of the total of 2,927 flyers involved, with 407 Britons killed from a total of 510 losses. The remainder were not British, many coming from parts of the British Empire, as well as exiles from many conquered European nations, particularly from Poland and Czechoslovakia. Other countries supplying smaller numbers included Belgium, France, Ireland, and the United States.
Legacy
summed up the effect of the battle and the contribution of RAF Fighter Command, RAF Bomber Command, RAF Coastal Command and the Fleet Air Arm with the words, "Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few". Pilots who fought in the battle have been known as The Few ever since; at times being specially commemorated on 15 September, "Battle of Britain Day". On this day in 1940, the Luftwaffe embarked on their largest bombing attack yet, forcing the engagement of the entirety of the RAF in defence of London and the South East, which resulted in a decisive British victory that proved to mark a turning point in Britain's favour.Memorial
The aircrew are remembered on the Battle of Britain Memorial, Capel-le-Ferne, Kent, and their names are listed on the Battle of Britain Monument in London. The Battle of Britain Roll of Honour is held in Westminster Abbey in the RAF Chapel, and is paraded annually during the Service of Thanksgiving and re-dedication on Battle of Britain Sunday.There is a preserved Hawker Hurricane fighter aircraft known as "The Last of The Many"—a reference to the 1942 film The First of the Few starring Leslie Howard as R.J. Mitchell, designer of the Spitfire—which flies as part of the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight, along with a Supermarine Spitfire that flew in the Battle. As the Hurricane was the last production model of that type, it did not itself fly in the Battle.
Statistics
The Battle of Britain was considered officially by the RAF to have been fought between 10 July and 31 October 1940.- RAF pilots claimed to have shot down about 2,600 German aircraft, but figures compiled later suggest that Luftwaffe losses were more likely nearer 2,300.
- Of 2,332 Allied pilots who flew fighters in the Battle, 38.90 per cent could claim some success in terms of enemy aircraft shot down.
- The number of pilots claiming more than one victory amounted to no more than 15 per cent of the total RAF pilots involved.
- To be proclaimed an "ace" a pilot had to have five confirmed victories. During the Battle of Britain just 188 RAF pilots achieved that distinction – eight per cent of the total involved. A further 237 of those RAF pilots claiming successes during the Battle became "aces" later in the war.
- There were four pilots who were "ace in a day" in the Battle of Britain: Archie McKellar, Antoni Głowacki, Ronald Fairfax Hamlyn and Brian Carbury.
Leading aces
Rank | Pilot | Nationality | Squadron | Aircraft | Kills | Notes |
1 | Flt Lt Eric Lock | United Kingdom | Spitfire | Total 26 kills. MIA 3 August 1941. | ||
2 | Sqn Ldr Archie McKellar | United Kingdom | Hurricane | Total 21 three probable and three damaged. 5 Bf-109's on 7 October 1940. KIA 1 November 1940. | ||
3 | Sgt James Lacey | United Kingdom | Hurricane | Total 28 kills. | ||
4 | Sgt Josef František | Czechoslovakia | Hurricane | Killed 8 October 1940. | ||
5 | Fg Off Brian Carbury | New Zealand | Spitfire | |||
6 | Poland | Hurricane | Total 18 kills. | |||
7 | Plt Off Colin Gray | New Zealand | Spitfire | Total 27.7 kills. | ||
8 | Plt Off Bob Doe | United Kingdom | SpitfireHurricane | |||
9 | Flt Lt Paterson Hughes | Australia | Spitfire | KIA 7 September 1940. | ||
10 | United Kingdom | Hurricane | Wartime total 22 victories. |
Other notable Battle of Britain pilots
- David Moore Crook
- Alan Deere
- Paddy Finucane
- A.G. "Sailor" Malan
- Albert Gerald Lewis
- Stanisław Skalski - POLAND
In popular culture