The Quick and the Dead is an English phrase originating in William Tyndale's English translation of the New Testament, "I testifie therfore before god and before the lorde Iesu Christ which shall iudge quicke and deed at his aperynge in his kyngdom" , and used by Thomas Cranmer in his translation of the Nicene Creed and Apostles' Creed for the first Book of Common Prayer. In the following century the idiom was referenced both by Shakespeare's Hamlet and the King James Bible. More recently the final verse of The Book of Mormon, refers to "...the Eternal Judge of both quick and dead".
Etymology
The use of the word quick in this context is an archaic one, specifically meaning living or alive, therefore this idiom refers to 'the living and the dead.' The meaning of “quick” in this way is still retained in various common phrases, such as the "quick" of the fingernails, and in the idiom quickening, as the moment in pregnancy when fetal movements are first felt.) Another common phrase, "cut to the quick", literally means cut through the dead, unfeeling layers of the skin to the living, sensitive tissues below. Quicksilver, an old name for the liquid metal mercury, refers to the way droplets of mercury run around and quiver as if alive. It is derived from the Proto-Germanic*kwikwaz, which in turn was from a variant of the Proto-Indo-European form *gwih3wos – "lively, alive", from the root *gweih3 – " live". The English meaning of "quick" in later centuries shifted to "fast", "rapid", "moving, or able to move, with speed".
The phrase is found in three passages in the 1611 King James version of the Bible: in the Acts of the Apostles, Paul's letters to Timothy, and the First Epistle of Peter. The last reads: "For the time past of our life may suffice us to have wrought the will of the Gentiles, when we walked in lasciviousness, lusts, excess of wine, revellings, banquetings, and abominable idolatries: Wherein they think it strange that ye run not with them to the same excess of riot, speaking evil of you: Who shall give account to him that is ready to judge the quick and the dead". Those Quickened are The Church; Those Un-Quickened Are The World at large. This passage advises the reader of the perils of following outsiders in not obeying God's will. Specifically it warns that those who sin, both the quick and the dead, will be judged by Jesus Christ. In other words, it implies that God is able to act on the sins of a person whether that person is alive or has passed into the afterlife.
Shakespeare's ''Hamlet''
This phrase occurs in Shakespeare's tragedyHamlet, written in 1603, lines 5.1.131-139, where Hamlet and a gravedigger converse about the burial of Ophelia, who committed suicide, yet is still receiving a proper Christian burial. It also occurs later in the scene and is said by Ophelia's brother, Laertes, as he laments her death. He first asks the gravedigger to hold off throwing earth onto Ophelia's body and jumps into her grave. From the grave, Laertes says, "Now pile your dust upon the quick and the dead... " playing off the familiar liturgical phrase and asking that he, who is "quick" i.e. alive, be buried with her, now dead. He says this to dramatize how distraught he is at his young sister's suicide.
In the Nicene and Apostles' Creeds
In the Nicene Creed the phrase appears in the following passage. In the Apostles' Creed the phrase appears in the following passage.
Secular usage
The phrase has become commonly used as a title for works of popular culture, in some cases to describe the act of gunfighting. Modern authors use this phrase in secular contexts because of the modern English usage of the word quick - to mean fast or smart, rather than alive - either as the result of a misunderstanding or for the purposes of creating a double entendre. In a similar vein Isaac Asimov, in explaining the term "quicksilver", jokingly suggested that modern readers probably think "the quick and the dead" is a reference to pedestrians in Los Angeles. In English dialect, "quick" becomes "wick", meaning "alive", as in Frances Hodgson Burnett's The Secret Garden, where the garden is said to be coming alive, and in Pauline Clarke's The Twelve and the Genii, where the twelve wooden soldiers that the Brontë children played with so imaginatively that they actually come alive, and in the dialect used occasionally by British children's authors, Alan Garner, and William Mayne.
