Timeline of women's suffrage
– the right of women to vote – has been achieved at various times in countries throughout the world. In many nations, women's suffrage was granted before universal suffrage, so women and men from certain classes or races were still unable to vote. Some countries granted suffrage to both sexes at the same time. This timeline lists years when women's suffrage was enacted. Some countries are listed more than once, as the right was extended to more women according to age, land ownership, etc. In many cases, the first voting took place in a subsequent year.
Some women in the Isle of Man gained the right to vote in 1881.
New Zealand was the first self-governing country in the world in which all women had the right to vote in, but not to stand for, parliamentary elections in 1893.
The colony of South Australia allowed women of European descent to vote and stand for election in 1894. In Sweden, conditional women's suffrage was granted during the age of liberty between 1718 and 1772.
The Australian Commonwealth Franchise Act of 1902 enabled women to vote at federal elections and also permitted women to stand for election to the Australian Parliament, making the newly-federated country of Australia the first in the modern world to do so. In 1906, the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, which became the republic of Finland, was the second country in the world to implement both the right to vote and the right to run for office. Finland was also the first country in Europe to give women the right to vote. The world's first female members of parliament were elected in Finland the following year. In Europe, the last jurisdiction to grant women the right to vote was the Swiss canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden, in 1991; AI is the smallest Swiss canton with 14,100 inhabitants in 1990. Women in Switzerland obtained the right to vote at federal level in 1971, and at local cantonal level between 1959 and 1972, except for Appenzell in 1989/1990, see Women's suffrage in Switzerland. In Saudi Arabia women were first allowed to vote in December 2015 in the municipal elections.
For other women's rights, see timeline of women's legal rights.
17th century
1689- : Female landowners are allowed to vote in elections to the States of Friesland in rural districts.
18th century
- : Female taxpaying members of city guilds are allowed to vote in local city elections and national elections
- : Female taxpaying property owners of legal majority are allowed to vote in local countryside elections.
- : Female suffrage in the independent republic's Diet
- US town of Uxbridge, Massachusetts: One woman, Lydia Taft, is allowed to vote in the town meeting
19th century
1830s
18381840s
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1850s
1853- Vélez Province in what was then the New Granada Republic grants universal suffrage to men and women. The Supreme Court annulled the provision for women.
1860s
- – Australian colony of South Australia: property-owning women were given the right to vote.
- : limited to local elections with votes graded after taxation; universal franchise achieved in 1919, which went into effect at the 1921 elections.
- : limited to local elections, only for literate women in San Luis Province
- The Grand Duchy of Finland : limited to taxpaying women in the countryside for municipal elections; and in 1872, extended to the cities.
in front of the Wyoming State Capitol
- – Australian colony of Victoria: women were unintentionally enfranchised by the Electoral Act, and proceeded to vote in the following year's elections. The Act was amended in 1865 to correct the error.
- – Austrian Empire: limited to taxpaying women and women in "learned professions" who were allowed to vote by proxy and made eligible for election to the legislative body in 1864.
- : limited to single women ratepayers for local elections under the Municipal Franchise Act.
- United States – incorporated Territory of Wyoming: full suffrage for women.
1870s
- United States – incorporated Utah Territory, which had previously granted women's suffrage: this was repealed as part of the Edmunds–Tucker Act in 1887.
- May 10, 1872, New York City: Equal Rights Party nominates Victoria C. Woodhull as their candidate for US President.
1880s
- . Universal suffrage / the franchise for all resident men and women was introduced in 1919. All men and women could also stand for election from 1919.
- —Canadian province: limited to widows and spinsters to vote in municipal elections; later extended to other provinces.
- United States: Proposed Constitutional Amendment to extend suffrage and the right to hold office to women.
- The municipality of Franceville in the New Hebrides
1890s
, Christchurch, New Zealand
- : first self-governing colony in the world in which all women are given the right to vote in parliamentary elections. However, women were barred from standing for election until 1919.
- universal suffrage.
- : universal suffrage, extending the franchise from property-owning women to all women, the first colony in Australia to do so.
- : Local Government Act confirms single women's right to vote in local elections and extends this franchise to some married women. By 1900, over 1 million women were registered for local government elections in England.
- : South Australian women became the first in the world to stand for election. This right had been granted the previous year in an act of the South Australian Parliament.
- : reestablishes women's suffrage upon gaining statehood.
- : Danske Kvindeforeningers Valgretsforbund founded in Copenhagen
- : the Australian colony of Western Australia
20th century
1900s
1901- : were allowed to vote in Australia's first federal election
- : were allowed to vote in Australia's first federal election
- : The Commonwealth Franchise Act 1902 gave women the right to vote at federal elections on the same terms as men. Women in South Australia and Western Australia had equal voting rights prior to Federation on 1 January 1901, and were guaranteed the right to vote at the first federal election by section 41 of the Constitution of Australia. Women in the other four states acquired equal voting rights with the passage of the Commonwealth Franchise Act, which restricted voting based on race but not on gender. The 1903 Australian federal election was the first under the new legislation.
1906
- Grand Duchy of Finland . The world's first female members of parliament were elected in Finland the following year.
- : Perhaps inspired by the Franceville experiment, the Anglo-French Condominium of the New Hebrides grants women the right to vote in municipal elections and to serve on elected municipal councils.
- : last Australian state to enact equal voting rights for women in state elections
1910s
- : Julieta Lanteri, doctor and leading feminist activist, votes in the election for the Buenos Aires City Legislature. She had realized that the government did not make specifications regarding gender, and appealed to justice successfully, becoming the first South American woman to vote.
- : Carolina Beatriz Ângelo becomes the first Portuguese woman to vote due to a legal technicality; the law is shortly thereafter altered to specify only literate male citizens over the age of 21 had the right to vote.
1917
- Russian Republic
- Crimean People's Republic
1918
- First four women elected to the Folketing
- Limited to women over the age of 24 who were literate.
1919
- universal suffrage to trade union members only
- - all adults could vote or be elected - Widows and single women who owned property could vote from 1881.
- Limited suffrage granted to women of twenty-five years or more, who earned £50 or more per year, or paid taxes of £2.
- South West Caucasian Republic
1920s
- Albania
- Kingdom, Princely Indian State in the British Empire. It was the first place in India to grant women's suffrage, but did not grant the right to stand in elections.
- 2nd of the princely states in India to grant women enfranchisement.
- , Madras Presidency was the first of the provinces in the British Raj to grant women's suffrage, though there were income and property restrictions and women were not allowed to stand for office.
- , Bombay Presidency became the second of the provinces in British India to grant the right for women to vote with income and property restrictions and an inability to stand in elections.
- Federal Republic of Central America established in the 9 September 1921 federal constitution that married or widowed literate women of 21 or more, or single literate women of 25 or more could vote or hold office as long as they met any property requirements. When the Federation fell apart the following year, women lost the right to vote.
- , Burma Province became the third province of British India to grant limited suffrage, but not the right to stand in elections.
- became the 3rd of India's princely estates to grant women's suffrage.
- , United Provinces of Agra and Oudh became the 4th province in British India to grant limited suffrage, though women could not stand for office.
- Rajkot State became the first princely state and first entity in British India to grant women both the right to vote and stand in elections.
- , Assam Province became the 5th province in British India to grant suffrage with income and property restrictions, as well as the inability to stand for office.
- one of the princely states of British India granted both suffrage and the right for women to stand in elections.
- , Bengal Presidency became the 6th province in British India to grant limited suffrage without the ability for women to stand in elections.
- , Punjab Province became the 7th province in British India to grant limited suffrage without the ability for women to stand in elections.
- was empowered by the British Parliament to amend the voting regulations and allow women to stand for office, if the province in which they resided granted women's suffrage.
- Central Provinces became the 8th province in British India to grant suffrage to women.
- Bihar and Orissa Province became the last of the provinces in British India to grant women's limited suffrage with income and property restrictions.
1930s
- .
1934
- .
1937
1940s
1946
1947
- adopted The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Article 21
- Dutch Surinam
1950s
1952
1953
1955
1956
1957
1960s
1962
- .
1970s
1971
1975
1976
1977
1978
1980s
1984
1985
1989
1990s
- was forced to accept women's suffrage by the Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland
21st century
2000s
20012005
- .
2010s