Titanium(II) chloride


Titanium chloride is the chemical compound with the formula TiCl2. The black solid has been studied only moderately, probably because of its high reactivity. Ti is a strong reducing agent: it has a high affinity for oxygen and reacts irreversibly with water to produce H2. The usual preparation is the thermal disproportionation of TiCl3 at 500 °C. The reaction is driven by the loss of volatile TiCl4:
The method is similar to that for the conversion of VCl3 into VCl2 and VCl4.
TiCl2 crystallizes as the layered CdI2 structure. Thus, the Ti centers are octahedrally coordinated to six chloride ligands.

Derivatives

Molecular complexes are known such as TiCl22, where chel is DMPE 2PCH2CH2P2 and TMEDA 2NCH2CH2N. Such species are prepared by reduction of related Ti and Ti complexes.
Unusual electronic effects have been observed in these species: TiCl22 is paramagnetic with a triplet ground state, but Ti22 is diamagnetic.
A solid-state derivative of TiCl2 is Na2TiCl4, which has been prepared by the reaction of Ti metal with TiCl3 in a NaCl flux. This species adopts a linear chain structure wherein again the Ti centers are octahedral with terminal, axial halides.