Tokugawa Mitsukuni or Mito Kōmon was a prominent daimyō who was known for his influence in the politics of the early Edo period. He was the third son of Tokugawa Yorifusa and succeeded him, becoming the second daimyō of the Mito Domain.
Biography
He was responsible for assembling the Mitogaku scholars to compile a hugeJapanese history, Dai Nihonshi. In it, Japan was depicted as a nation under the Emperor, analogous to that in Chinese dynasties. This helped the rise of nationalism in the late shogunate and in the Mito Domain later. His childhood name was Chomaru later become Chiyomatsu this name was personally granted by his cousin and the shōgun, Tokugawa Iemitsu. In 1661, at age 34, he became the daimyō of the Mito han. He anticipated the forcible division of kami and Buddhas of 1868 ordering there the destruction of a thousandBuddhist temples and the construction of at least one shrine per village at the age of 27, he married a daughter of the kampakuKonoe Nobuhiro. He was also known as a gourmet of the Edo period. He is claimed to be one of the first Japanese to eatramen as well as routinely enjoying such exotic food as wine and yogurt. Mitsukuni had one son, who took the Matsudaira surname. Additionally, Mitsukuni adopted the son of an elder brother; this adopted son, Tokugawa Tsunaeda, became his heir. He died at his villa in 1701. He posthumously received the court rank of junior first rank and first rank. He is now considered to be a kami.
During the latter half of the Edo period and the Meiji period, a kōdan named "Mito Mitsukuni Man'yūki" fictionalized the travels of Tokugawa Mitsukuni. This tradition of dramatizing his life continued with a novel and, in 1951, the first television series to portray him as a wanderer, masquerading as a commoner, who castigated the evil powers in every corner of the nation. From 1969 to 2011, the TBS ran the series Mito Kōmon, which continues to attract audiences in reruns. Episodes were re-broadcast in the early 1990s by WNYE-TV under the title The Elder Lord of Mito. Each summer, the city of Mito hosts the Mito Komon festival, which prominently features the Tokugawa seal, as well as actors representing Tokugawa Mitsukuni and his assistants.
