Tootsie
Tootsie is a 1982 American romantic comedy film directed by Sydney Pollack and starring Dustin Hoffman. Its supporting cast includes Jessica Lange, Teri Garr, Dabney Coleman, Bill Murray, Charles Durning, George Gaynes, Geena Davis, Doris Belack and Pollack. The film tells the story of a talented but volatile actor whose reputation for being difficult forces him to adopt a new identity as a woman in order to land a job. The film was adapted by Larry Gelbart, Barry Levinson, Elaine May and Murray Schisgal from a story by Gelbart and Don McGuire.
The film was a major critical and financial success, the second most profitable film of 1982, and was nominated for ten Academy Awards including Best Picture. Lange was the only winner, for Best Supporting Actress.
In 1998 the Library of Congress deemed the film "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" and selected it for preservation in the National Film Registry.
The theme song, "It Might Be You", was performed by Stephen Bishop, with music by Dave Grusin and a lyric by Alan and Marilyn Bergman. It was a Top 40 hit in the United States and hit No. 1 on the adult contemporary chart.
Plot
Michael Dorsey is a respected actor, but nobody in New York wants to hire him because he is a perfectionist and difficult to work with. After many months without a job, Michael hears of an opening on the popular daytime soap opera Southwest General from his girlfriend and acting student Sandy Lester, who tries out for the role of hospital administrator Emily Kimberly. In desperation, he impersonates a woman, auditioning as "Dorothy Michaels", and gets the part. Michael takes the job as a way to raise $8,000 to produce a play, written by his roommate Jeff Slater, which will star himself and Sandy. Michael plays his character as a feisty feminist, which surprises the other actors and the crew, who expected Emily to be another swooning female. His character quickly becomes a national sensation.When Sandy catches Michael in her bedroom half undressed because he wants to try on her clothes in order to get more ideas for Dorothy's wardrobe, he covers up by claiming he wants to have sex with her. Exacerbating matters further, he is attracted to one of his co-stars, Julie Nichols, a single mother in an unhealthy relationship with the show's amoral, sexist director, Ron Carlisle. At a party, when Michael approaches Julie with a pick-up line, to which she had previously told Dorothy she would be receptive, she throws a drink in his face. Later, as Dorothy, when he makes tentative advances, Julie—having just ended her relationship with Ron per Dorothy's advice—makes it known that she is not a lesbian.
Meanwhile, Dorothy has her own admirers to contend with: older cast member John Van Horn and Julie's widowed father Les. Les proposes marriage, insisting that Dorothy think about it before answering. When Michael returns home, he finds John, who almost forces himself on Dorothy until Jeff walks in on them. Later, Sandy visits Michael, asking why he hasn't answered her calls. Michael admits he's in love with another woman, and Sandy screams and breaks up with him.
The tipping point comes when, due to Dorothy's popularity, the show's producers want to extend her contract for another year. Michael finds a clever way to extricate himself: when the cast is forced by a technical problem to perform an episode live, he improvises a grand speech on camera, pulls off his wig and reveals that he is actually Edward, the character's twin brother who took her place to avenge her. The revelation allows everybody a more-or-less graceful way out. Julie, however, is so outraged at his deception that she punches him in the groin once the cameras have stopped rolling, before storming off.
Some weeks later, Michael is moving forward with producing Jeff's play. He also gives Les back his ring, and Les tells Michael: "The only reason you're still living is because I never kissed you." Despite his anger, Les admits that Michael was good company as Dorothy, and Michael buys him a beer.
Michael later waits for Julie outside the studio. Although she is reluctant to talk to him, he tells her that he and her father played pool and had a good time. She finally admits she misses Dorothy. Michael tells her, "I was a better man with you as a woman than I ever was with a woman as a man." Julie forgives him and they walk down the street together, engaged in conversation.
Cast
- Dustin Hoffman as Michael Dorsey/Dorothy Michaels, an out of work actor
- Jessica Lange as Julie Nichols, an actress
- Teri Garr as Sandy Lester, an actress
- Dabney Coleman as Ron Carlisle, the director
- Doris Belack as Rita Marshall, the producer
- Charles Durning as Leslie "Les" Nichols, Julie's father
- Bill Murray as Jeff Slater, a playwright and Michael's roommate
- Sydney Pollack as George Fields, Michael's agent
- George Gaynes as John Van Horn, a soap opera actor
- Geena Davis as April Page, a soap opera actress
- Lynne Thigpen as Jo, a production aide
- Ellen Foley as Jacqui, a production aide
- Anne Shropshire as Mrs. Crawley, Julie's babysitter
- Amy Lawrence as Amy, Julie's daughter
- Susan Egbert as Diane, Jeff's girlfriend
- Christine Ebersole as Linda, an actress at Michael's birthday party
Production
The film remained in development for an additional year as producers waited on a revised script. As pre-production began, the film ran into additional delays when Richards left the role of director due to "creative differences". He assumed the role of producer instead, being replaced as director by Hal Ashby. Ashby was subsequently forced to leave the project by Columbia Pictures because of the threat of legal action if his post-production commitments on Lookin' to Get Out were not fulfilled. In November 1981, Sydney Pollack signed on to the film as both director and producer as per the suggestion of Columbia.
The idea of having director Sydney Pollack play Hoffman's agent, George Fields, was Hoffman's. Originally the role was written for, and to be played by, Dabney Coleman. Pollack initially resisted the idea, but Hoffman eventually convinced him to take the role; it was Pollack's first acting work in years. Afterwards, Pollack still wanted to keep Coleman on board and cast him as the sexist, arrogant soap opera director Ron Carlisle.
To prepare for his role, Hoffman watched the film La Cage aux Folles several times. He also visited the set of General Hospital for research, and conducted extensive make-up tests. In an interview for the American Film Institute, Hoffman said that he was shocked that although he could be made-up to appear as a credible woman, he would never be a beautiful one. He said that he had an epiphany when he realized that although he found this woman interesting, he would not have spoken to her at a party because she was not beautiful and that as a result he had missed out on many conversations with interesting women. He concluded that he had never regarded Tootsie as a comedy.
Scenes set in the New York City Russian Tea Room were filmed in the actual restaurant, with additional scenes shot at Central Park and in front of Bloomingdale's. Scenes were also filmed in Hurley, New York as well as at the National Video Studios in New York City. Additionally filming took place in Fort Lee, New Jersey
Reception
Box office
Tootsie opened in 943 theatres in the United States and Canada and grossed $5,540,470 in its opening weekend. After 115 days, it surpassed Close Encounters of the Third Kind as Columbia's biggest domestic hit of all time. Its final gross in the United States and Canada was $177,200,000, making it the second-highest-grossing movie of 1982 after E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial. Box Office Mojo estimates that the film sold over 56.9 million tickets in the US.The film was the highest-grossing film in Germany with a gross of $19 million.
Critical response
praised the film, giving it 4 out of 4 stars and observing:
Tootsie is the kind of Movie with a capital M that they used to make in the 1940s, when they weren't afraid to mix up absurdity with seriousness, social comment with farce, and a little heartfelt tenderness right in there with the laughs. This movie gets you coming and going...The movie also manages to make some lighthearted but well-aimed observations about sexism. It also pokes satirical fun at soap operas, New York show business agents and the Manhattan social pecking order.
On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 90% approval rating, based on 49 reviews, with an average rating of 7.69/10. The critical consensus reads, "Tootsie doesn't squander its high-concept comedy premise with fine dialogue and sympathetic treatment of the characters".
Accolades
The film was nominated for ten Academy Awards; Jessica Lange was the only winner, for Best Supporting Actress.The other nominations were:
- Best Picture: Sydney Pollack and Dick Richards
- Best Actor: Dustin Hoffman
- Best Supporting Actress: Teri Garr
- Best Director: Sydney Pollack
- Best Original Screenplay: Larry Gelbart, Murray Schisgal and Don McGuire
- Best Original Song: Dave Grusin, Alan Bergman and Marilyn Bergman for "It Might Be You"
- Best Sound: Arthur Piantadosi, Les Fresholtz, Dick Alexander and Les Lazarowitz
- Best Cinematography: Owen Roizman
- Best Film Editing: Fredric Steinkamp and William Steinkamp
- Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
- Best Director: Sydney Pollack
- Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy: Dustin Hoffman
- Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture: Jessica Lange
- Best Screenplay: Larry Gelbart & Murray Schisgal
The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:
- 1998: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies – #62
- 2000: AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs – #2
- 2007: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies – #69