Tribes of Galway The Tribes of Galway were 14 merchant families who dominated the political, commercial and social life of the city of Galway in western Ireland between the mid-13th and late 19th centuries. They were the families of Athy, Blake, Bodkin, Browne, D'Arcy, Deane, Font, Ffrench, Joyce, Kirwan, Lynch, Martin, Morris and Skerritt. Of the 14 families, 12 were of Anglo Norman origin, while two — the D'Arcy and Kirwan families — were Normanised Irish Gaels .History The Tribes were merchant families who prospered from trade with continental Europe. They dominated Galway's municipal government during the medieval and early modern eras. The Tribes distinguished themselves from the Gaelic peoples who lived in the hinterland of the city. Many of these families spoke Irish as a second or even first language. However, the feared suppression of their common faith joined both groups together as Irish Catholics after the Irish Rebellion of 1641 . During the Irish Confederate Wars , Galway took the side of the Confederate Catholics . Following the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland , the English government punished the Tribes. Galway was besieged and after it surrendered in April 1652, the Tribes had to face the confiscation of their property by the New Model Army . The Tribes lost much of their power within Galway city after English Parliamentarians took over the Galway Corporation in 1654. Cromwell's forces referred to them by the derogatory name, "The Tribes of Galway", which the families later adopted as a mark of defiance. Galway's urban elite gained a restoration of some of their power during the reign of the King Charles II and his successor James II . However, Jacobite defeat in the War of the Two Kings , marked the end of the Tribes' once overwhelming political influence on the life of the city. Power passed to the small Protestant population. Garrison members of the Tribes who owned land in Galway and Mayo were protected by the advantageous surrender provisions that were signed on 22 July 1691.Notable members Athy Margaret Athy , founder of the Augustinian Friary of ForthillBlake John Blake fitz William , third Mayor of Galway , 1487–1488 Captain James "Spanish" Blake , fl. 1588–1635, spy and purported assassin of Red Hugh O'Donnell Joaquín Blake y Joyes,, Spanish military officer who served with distinction in the French Revolutionary and Peninsular wars Sally Blake , landowner and duelist, 1774–1870Bodkin John Bodkin fitz Richard , Mayor of Galway, 1518–19 Dominick Dáll Bodkin , mass murderer, executed 8 October 1740 Manuel Antonio Flórez Maldonado Martínez Ángulo y Bodquín , admiral in the Spanish navy and viceroy of New Granada and New Spain . John Bodkin , Roman Catholic Warden of Galway . After his death, his body was said to have been the subject of a miracle because it was thought to have not decayed Leo Bodkin , British military officer and writer Michael Bodkin , inspiration for Michael Furey in James Joyce's short story "The Dead"Browne Geoffrey Browne , Irish Confederate lawyer and politician Mary Bonaventure Browne , Poor Clare and historian, John Browne, 1st Marquess of Sligo Garech Browne , patron of Irish arts and one-time manager of The Chieftains D'Arcy (''Ó Dorchaidhe'') Walter Riabhach Ó Dorchaidhe , founder of the merchant family James Riabhach Darcy , Mayor of Galway, 1602–1603. Patrick D'Arcy , Catholic Confederate and lawyer who wrote the constitution of Confederate Ireland Patrick d'Arcy , mathematician and soldierDeane Edmond Deane , 18th Mayor of Galway, 1502–1504Font (ffont) Geoffrey Font , centenarian French (ffrench) Christopher French,, theologian Sir Oliver Óg French, Irish nationalist Seán an tSalainn French , Mayor of Galway, 1538–1539 Arthur French, 1st Baron de Freyne Patricio French Spanish nobleman, merchant and politician Conrad O'Brien-Ffrench , artist and secret agent ,Joyce Henry Joyce , Mayor of Galway, 1542–1543 Richard Joyce , creator of the Claddagh Ring Patrick Weston Joyce historian, writer, and music collectorKirwan (''Ó Ciardhubháin'') William Ó Ciardhubháin , founder of the merchant family Dominick Kirwin , Irish Confederate Joseph W. Kirwan, first president of Queen's College, Galway Magdalen Kirwan , Sister of Mercy and manager of St. Vincent's Industrial School, Goldenbridge Richard Kirwan , president of the Royal Irish Academy Risteárd Buidhe Kirwan , soldier and duellist Sarah Annette Kirwan , first wife of Sir Edward Carson , Ulster Unionist leader Laurence P. Kirwan, KCMG, Egyptologist and archeologist; head of Royal Geographical Society Lynch Anthony Lynch , Dominican and Barbary captive Christopher Lynch , Mayor of Galway Dominick Dubh Lynch , second Mayor of Galway Germyn Lynch , merchant and entrepreneur Isidore Lynch , soldier Jean-Baptiste Lynch , Mayor of Bordeaux and a peer of France John Lynch , historian and Archdeacon of Tuam Maire Lynch , Countess of Clanricarde Patrick Lynch Martin ''(Ó Máirtín)'' Edward Martyn , political and cultural activist Francis Martin , Augustinian priest Mary Gabriel Martyn , abbess of the Poor Clares of Galway. Mary Letitia Martin , writer Peter Martin , preacher Richard Martin , founder of The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals . Richard Óg Martyn , member of the Catholic Confederates of Ireland Violet Florence Martin,, author William Óg Martyn , Sheriff and Mayor of GalwayMorris Andrew Morris , Mayor of Galway, 1588–1589 Lieutenant-Colonel Hon. George Henry Morris , 1872–1914, commanding officer of the Irish Guards Lord Killanin , sixth president of the International Olympic Committee 1972–80 Redmond Morris, 4th Baron Killanin , filmmaker Mouse Morris , racehorse trainer and former jockeySkerrett John Skerrett , preacher and missionary Nicholas Skerrett , archbishop of Tuam Nickname Like all Irish counties Galway has a nickname . The nickname the tribesmen is now used for the county and its people and is derived from this term.Roundabouts The tribes also lend their names to 14 of the city's roundabouts located in or around the city's boundaries. The roundabouts are signposted on navy blue signs containing the tribe's name in the Irish language .See Also
Popular articles Javier Milei - Argentine libertarian economist, author, radio conductor and public speaker sympathetic to the Austrian School of economic thought. He became widely known for his regular ...Jimmy Carter - American politician, philanthropist, and former farmer who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, he previ...UEFA Euro 2024 - The 2024 UEFA European Football Championship , commonly referred to as UEFA Euro 2024 or simply Euro 2024 , will be the 17th edition of the UEFA European Championship, the quadrennial internationa...Argentina - country located mostly in the southern half of South America. Sharing the bulk of the Southern Cone with Chile to the west, the country is also b...Sam Altman - American entrepreneur, investor, programmer, and blogger. He is the former president of Y Combinator and now the CEO of OpenAI. Early life and education. ...Rosalynn Carter - American who served as First Lady of the United States from 1977 to 1981 as the wife of President Jimmy Carter. For decades, she has been a leading advocate for numerou...Next Argentine presidential election - Next Argentine presidential election - presidential election in Argentina....Popular movies The Hunger Games (film) - 2012 American dystopian action thriller science fiction-adventure film directed by Gary Ross and based on Suzanne Collins’s 2008 novel of the same name. It is the first insta...untitled Captain Marvel sequel - part of Marvel Cinematic Universe....Killers of the Flower Moon (film project) - Killers of the Flower Moon - film project in United States of America. It was presented as drama, detective fiction, thriller. The film project starred Leonardo Dicaprio, Robert De Niro. Director of...Five Nights at Freddy's (film) - Five Nights at Freddy's - film published in 2017 in United States of America. Scenarist of the film - Scott Cawthon....Popular video games Minecraft - sandbox video game developed by Mojang Studios. Created by Markus "Notch" Persson in the Java programming language and released as a public alpha for personal computers in 2...Grand Theft Auto V - 2013 action-adventure game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games. It is the first main entry in the Grand Theft Auto series since 2008's Grand Theft ...Roblox - online game platform and game creation system that allows users to program games and play games created by other users. Founded by David Baszucki and Erik Cassel in 2004 and released in...Baldur's Gate III - upcoming role-playing video game developed and published by Larian Studios for Microsoft Windows and the Stadia streaming service. It is the third main game in the Baldur's ...Alan Wake - action-adventure video game developed by Remedy Entertainment and published by Microsoft Studios, released for the Xbox 360 and Microsoft Windows. The story follows best-selling thri...Fortnite - online video game developed by Epic Games and released in 2017. It is available in three distinct game mode versions that otherwise share the same general gameplay and game engine: ...Super Mario RPG - is a role-playing video game developed by Square and published by Nintendo for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1996. It was directed by Yoshihiko Maekawa and Chihiro Fujioka and produced by...Popular books Book of Revelation - The Book of Revelation is the final book of the New Testament, and consequently is also the final book of the Christian Bible. Its title is derived from the first word of the Koine Greek text: apok...Book of Genesis - account of the creation of the world, the early history of humanity, Israel's ancestors and the origins...Gospel of Matthew - The Gospel According to Matthew is the first book of the New Testament and one of the three synoptic gospels. It tells how Israel's Messiah, rejected and executed in Israel, pronounces judgement on ...Michelin Guide - Michelin Guides are a series of guide books published by the French tyre company Michelin for more than a century. The term normally refers to the annually published Michelin Red Guide , the oldest...Psalms - The Book of Psalms , commonly referred to simply as Psalms , the Psalter or "the Psalms", is the first book of the Ketuvim , the third section of the Hebrew Bible, and thus a book of th...Ecclesiastes - Ecclesiastes is one of 24 books of the Tanakh , where it is classified as one of the Ketuvim . Originally written c. 450–200 BCE, it is also among the canonical Wisdom literature of the Old Tes...The 48 Laws of Power - non-fiction book by American author Robert Greene. The book...Popular television series The Crown (TV series) - historical drama web television series about the reign of Queen Elizabeth II, created and principally written by Peter Morgan, and produced by Left Bank Pictures and Sony Pictures Tel...Friends - American sitcom television series, created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, which aired on NBC from September 22, 1994, to May 6, 2004, lasting ten seasons. With an ensemble cast sta...Young Sheldon - spin-off prequel to The Big Bang Theory and begins with the character Sheldon...Modern Family - American television mockumentary family sitcom created by Christopher Lloyd and Steven Levitan for the American Broadcasting Company. It ran for eleven seasons, from September 23...Loki (TV series) - upcoming American web television miniseries created for Disney+ by Michael Waldron, based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name. It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, shar...Game of Thrones - American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss for HBO. It...Shameless (American TV series) - American comedy-drama television series developed by John Wells which debuted on Showtime on January 9, 2011. It...
OWIKI.org . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.