Troccas
Troccas is a member of the Tarot family of card games.
It is played in the Romansh speaking part of the canton Grisons of Switzerland.
It is not known exactly how this game entered Switzerland but it is generally thought to have arrived from Italy during the 17th century.
Troccas decks are sometimes called "1JJ" or "Jupiter and Juno" decks because they substitute Jupiter and Juno for the Pope and Papess of the Tarot of Marseilles. The deck's captions are usually in French or German, but a version with English captions has been published.
The cards
The 78-card Swiss 1JJ Tarot is traditionally used but it can be substituted with a Tarot Nouveau deck. Swiss 1JJ uses Italian suits while Tarot Nouveau uses French suits. Cards use traditional ranking, where red suits rank in reverse: K, Q, C, V, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.1JJ cards are referred to in play by their Romansh names, but bear legends in French or German. Troccas players prefer the French version as opposed to Troggu players who use the German version.
Card points
At end of play, cards are counted in groups of four, subtracting three points for each group. Dealer will have two odd cards, counting for combined value, minus one point. The full deck totals 72 points, and cards are worth the following: kings and honours five, queens four, cavaliers three, jacks two, everything else one.The deal
Prior to play, each player cuts for trump. The two highest and the two lowest form partnerships. Dealing and play is anticlockwise. Traditionally, the deck is cut and not shuffled.Each player is given nineteen cards; Dealer takes the last two, giving him a hand of twenty-two cards. The last card dealt to each player is traditionally turned up. Usually, the cards are dealt in packets of six, six, and seven, with dealer taking the last nine.
A team that is losing by at least nine points may request that the deal be in packets of nine and ten, with dealer taking twelve; a team losing by at least eighteen points may request that the deal be in a single packet each.
After the dealing of each packet, players can give coded statements known as tschintschar to their partner to decide whether or not to have the cards redealt. All players must give consent to scrap the deal. These are the ones allowed in tournaments:
After being dealt six or twelve cards, one may say:
| tschintschar | Translation | Meaning |
| strusch in | just one | Only one honour |
| in | one | Two honour cards |
| tric e trac | this and that | Half of my hand are trumps |
| jeu mirel or aunc sis | I see it or another six | Continue dealing because my hand is good |
| autras | other cards | My hand is bad and we should abandon the deal |
| nuot or lavadas | nothing or washout | My cards are worthless |
| il narr | the Fool | I have the Fool with some trumps |
| il narr blut | the naked Fool | I have the Fool but no trumps |
| jeu lasch liber | I'll let you choose | Choose to continue or redeal |
After all cards have been dealt, one may say:
| tschintschar | Translation | Meaning |
| in trochetg | I have five or six trumps | |
| ina trocca | I have seven or eight trumps | |
| in pèr tunnels | I have four or five small trumps | |
| da Medel | from the Medel | I have eight to ten high trumps |
| da Tujetsch | from Tujetsch | I have many face cards |
| ina cuort or ina famiglia | one court or one family | I have all the face cards of one suit |
| in pass | one step | I have two honours with six or seven trumps |
| jeu gidel | I help | I have a good hand |
| pli bugen autras | I prefer other cards | My hand is mediocre |
| jeu sun buc cheu | I am not here | I have nothing |
| fai scart or nus dein | Go discard or we play | Start the game |
After all cards are dealt, the dealer has the privilege of forcing a new hand to be dealt if his hand is void of trumps.
Play
Dealer discards two cards, which may not include Kings or Honours. Other trumps may be discarded, though this is inadvisable. A good strategy is to eliminate a suit in which one is short, to allow trumping when this suit comes up in play; if this is impossible, it is advisable to discard the lowest two cards of a suit in which one is long.Dealer leads the first trick with any card; each player in turn, moving to the right, must follow suit. If this is impossible, they must trump, and if this is impossible as well, they can play any card but can not win. The winner of the trick leads the next one.
The Fool can be played in any trick. It excuses the player from following suit. If the side that wins the trick did not play the Fool, they must return it to their opponents, in exchange for a one-point card. If the Fool leads a trick, the next player's card determines the trick's suit. The Fool can only be lost if the player's side fails to win any tricks.
The most distinguishing aspect of Troccas which separates it from other tarot games is a rule involving the king and jack of each suit. When a suit is led for the first time and that suit's king is played in it, whoever wins that trick can demand that the jack of that suit to be surrendered. The jack's owner takes back his original card and exchanges it with the jack unless he had played the queen, cavalier, or the Fool. If the player who played the king also held the jack, he can play both cards together. After the trick, he can demand a card of the same suit from the other players. This rule has no effect if the jack was one of the two cards discarded by the dealer.
In some regions, a player with the highest unplayed trump can let his partner know by knocking on the table.