Tsai Ming-liang


Tsai Ming-liang is a Taiwanese filmmaker. He has written and directed ten feature films and has also directed many short films and television films. Tsai is one of the most celebrated "Second New Wave" film directors of Taiwanese cinema. His films have been acclaimed worldwide and have won numerous awards at film festivals. In 2015, he
won Best Director at the Taipei Film Awards for the short film No No Sleep. Tsai has been referred to as an auteur.

Early life

Tsai was born in Malaysia of Chinese ethnic background and spent his first 20 years of his life in Kuching, Sarawak, after which he moved to Taipei, Taiwan. This, he said, had "a huge impact on mind and psyche," perhaps later mirrored in his films. "Even today," said Tsai, "I feel I belong neither to Taiwan nor to Malaysia. In a sense, I can go anywhere I want and fit in, but I never feel that sense of belonging."
Tsai graduated from the Drama and Cinema Department of the Chinese Culture University of Taiwan in 1982 and worked as a theatrical producer, screenwriter, and television director in Hong Kong. From 1989 to 1991, he directed several telefilms. Two of these, All the Corners of the World and Boys, starred his muse, Lee Kang-sheng.

Career

1992–1998

Tsai's first feature film was Rebels of the Neon God. A film about troubled youth in Taipei, it starred Lee as the character Hsiao-Kang. Lee went on to appear in all of Tsai's feature films through 2019. Tsai's second feature, Vive L'Amour, is about three people who unknowingly share an apartment. The film is slow-paced, has little dialogue, and is about alienation; all of these became Tsai's trademarks. Vive L'Amour was critically acclaimed and won the Golden Horse Awards for best picture and best director.
Tsai's next film was The River, in which a family has to deal with the son's neck pain. The family is similar to the one that appears in Rebels of the Neon God and is played by the same three actors. The Hole is about two neighbors in an apartment. It features several musical numbers.

1999–2009

In Tsai's next film, What Time Is It There?, a man and a woman meet in Taipei before the woman travels to Paris. This was Tsai's first film to star Chen Shiang-chyi, who would star in his next few films alongside Lee. Goodbye, Dragon Inn is about people inside an old cinema that is closing down. For this film, Tsai included even longer shots and fewer lines of dialogue than in previous films, a trend that continued in his later work. The Wayward Cloud is a sequel to What Time Is It There? in which Hsiao-Kang and Shiang-chyi meet again and start a relationship while Hsiao-Kang works as a pornographic film actor. This film, like The Hole, features several musical numbers between Tsai's typical slow pace.
Tsai's next film, I Don't Want to Sleep Alone, was his first set in Malaysia and is about two different characters, both played by Lee.
In 2007, the Malaysian Censorship Board banned the film based on incidents shown depicting the country "in a bad light" for cultural, ethical, and racial reasons. However, they later allowed the film to be screened in the country after Tsai agreed to censor parts of the film according to their requirements. Tsai's next film, Face, is about a Taiwanese director who travels to France to shoot a film.

2010–present

Tsai's next feature film was Stray Dogs, which is about a homeless family. Tsai also directed several short films, including the "Walker" segment of Beautiful 2012 and Journey to the West, which feature the same character: a monk played by Lee who travels by walking slowly.

Honours

Tsai's film honours include a Golden Lion for Vive L'Amour at the 51st Venice International Film Festival; the Silver Bear – Special Jury Prize for The River at the 47th Berlin International Film Festival; the FIPRESCI award for The Hole at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival; and the Alfred Bauer Prize and Silver Bear for Outstanding Artistic Achievement for The Wayward Cloud at the 55th Berlin International Film Festival; the Grand Jury Prize at the 70th Venice International Film Festival for Stray Dog. In 1995, he was a member of the jury at the 45th Berlin International Film Festival.
In 2003, Tsai was voted by UK newspaper The Guardian as No. 18 of the 40 best directors in the world. In 2014, Tsai was named an officer of the Order of Arts and Letters by the government of France.

Filmography

Feature films

Tsai frequently re-casts actors who he has worked with on previous feature films:
ActorRebels of the
Neon God
Vive L'Amour
The River
The Hole
What Time
Is It There?
Goodbye,
Dragon Inn
The Wayward
Cloud
I Don't Want
to Sleep Alone
Face
Stray Dogs
Lee Kang-sheng
Lu Yi-ching
Yang Kuei-mei
Chen Shiang-chyi
Chen Chao-jung
Miao Tien
Jean-Pierre Léaud
Norman Atun