Tuchola Forest The Tuchola Forest , also known as Tuchola Pinewoods , is a large forest near the town of Tuchola in northern Poland , which lies between the Brda and Wda Rivers. It contains the Tuchola Forest National Park , which is at the core of the Tuchola Forest Biosphere Reserve , designated by UNESCO in 2010.Landscape The area was formed during the last glacial age and is covered with low hills and more than 900 post-glacial lakes. With 3,200 km² of dense spruce and pine forest, the area is one of the biggest forests in Poland and Central Europe . Since 1996, part of the area has been designated as the Tuchola Forest National Park , covering. Approximately 30% of the area is inhabited by the Kociewiacy people. The largest towns in the area are Czersk and Tuchola.History During the German Empire era, Truppenübungsplatz Gruppe was a military exercise area in which medical research was conducted, leading to publication of the name in scientific reports of the early 20th century . During World War I , pacifist doctor Georg Friedrich Nicolai was banished from Berlin to the remote area which had to be ceded in 1919 to Poland as a result of the Treaty of Versailles . In 1939, during the invasion of Poland at the very beginning of World War II , the major Battle of Tuchola Forest was fought in the area. Soon, the former military test area was occupied again by German troops, and called Truppenübungsplatz Westpreußen , or by its code name , "Heidekraut". Between August 1944 and January 1945 , SS troops under Hans Kammler and Walter Dornberger carried out extensive tests of the A-4 missiles, after the test site near Blizna was discovered by the Home Army and then bombed by the Allies. Approximately 107 missiles were fired in a southbound direction for tests and training purposes. In January 1945 the site had to be evacuated before the Red Army offensive overran the area.After World War II , the forest was a safe haven for many anti-communist partisans , among them Zygmunt Szendzielarz .Biosphere Reserve In June 2010 the Tuchola Forest area was designated by UNESCO as a Biosphere Reserve. The core area of the Biosphere Reserve consists of Tuchola Forest National Park and of the 25 nature reserves lying within the buffer zone . The buffer zone consists of Tuchola, Wda, Wdzydze and Zaborski Landscape Parks. There is also a transit zone which includes the town of Tuchola and surrounding districts. The core area of the Reserve covers, and the three zones together cover.Population The Borowiacy are a Polish ethnic group who traditionally inhabit this area. They live next to the other important group, the Kashubians .
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