Tufnell Park


Tufnell Park is an area in north London, England in the London Borough of Islington and London Borough of Camden. Its existence as a district or neighbourhood in Inner London is consolidated by its tube station on the Northern Line which, non-exclusively, serves this area of former farmland last owned by a wealthy branch of the Tufnell family before its development. The station opened in 1907; this is also the nearest tube station for the similarly residential Dartmouth Park, a higher area towards the centre of Highgate. The two are separated by part of today's London Overground line built in the 19th century; however, Junction Road railway station between the two "Park" districts closed in 1943, on the GOBLIN, the spur line of the main Overground loop about 200 metres north of the tube station.
Tufnell Park Football Club was a football club based immediately south of the overground railway, where Tufnell Park Playing Fields and a playground is today. One of the top amateur clubs in the country in the early 20th century, it merged in 1950 into Edmonton F.C., in turn merging in 1973 into Haringey Borough F.C. based at Coles Park, Tottenham.

History

Origins and boundary

;Medieval and later manor
are drawn for electoral purposes to give an equal electorate, here the Tufnell Park is in the south of a ward of 1916 named Tufnell.
Tufnell Park Road, a straight of was sometimes conjectured by historians to follow the line of a Roman track. There is no evidence of Roman activity in the area and a supposed Roman camp marked on Dent's 1805 parish map has been shown by Museum of London Archaeology excavations to probably be a misidentified medieval moated site. The road has for centuries been an east-west connector between the roads from the hearts of Islington and Camden which converge into a major northern route at Archway market place, across 500 metres of Dartmouth Park district to the north.
;Boundaries
North-east of Tufnell Park Road the housing is closer to Upper Holloway railway station and so is popularly considered to be Upper Holloway district. On all other sides of the road is Tufnell Park based on nearest rail/tube station.
The road which Tufnell Park Road links have been greatly alleviated from sole principal status by diverting in the 20th century the A1 through Edgware where the M1 also runs instead of its old route through High Barnet, converging the route with the straighter A41 road from Marylebone. The A1 road in the east of Tufnell Park is therefore less arterial which reinforces the loss of its old name "the Great North Road", a historical coaching road. It specifically serves vehicles driven between the A1 or M1 and the City of London.
;Hackney Brook
Rising north of here at Mercers Road, Hackney Brook, culverted today, ran south to cross Holloway Road near Tufnell Park Road and then flowed to Lowman Road, where it turned north-east and ran along Gillespie Road to leave the traditional bounds of Islington at Mountgrove Road.
;Agricultural use
For centuries this northern part of the ancient parish of Islington was part of many square miles renowned for dairy farms which kept the City of London and neighbouring north and west parts supplied with milk. It kept a rural air well into the 19th century in its important role as a base for a number of dairies supplying the capital. In 1753 the area became the property of William Tufnell who was granted the manor of Barnsbury by his father-in-law Sir William Halton. The manor stood on the site of the large Odeon cinema at the end of Tufnell Park Road where it meets the A1. The manor's gateposts survive along the west of Tufnell Park Road. Tufnell petitioned Parliament for authority to develop his estate but the Building Leases he was granted were left unused; his family had a set of rural estates nationwide.
The Tufnell Park estate passed to his brother George Foster Tufnell, MP for Beverley, then to George's son William Tufnell, MP for Colchester, who married in 1804 heiress Mary Carleton. Both are buried at St Mary's Islington, hence her maiden name appearing as two street names in N7.
The manor then passed to Henry Tufnell, MP for Ipswich and Devonport, Liberal chief whip whose three marriages included two daughters of earls.
The sparse remnants of the freehold passed to Henry Archibald Tufnell who died with no children, and then to Lt Col Edward Tufnell HM Inspector of Schools, Factory Commissioner, Director Greenwich Hospital.

Development

Serious building began in 1845 with a scheme sponsored by Henry Tufnell and designed by John Shaw Jr, who had laid out the Eton Estate in Chalk Farm. This initial work was largely limited to the area around Carleton Road. In 1865 the scheme was taken up by George Truefitt who developed most of the local villas and St. George's Church, built for Anglican secessionists. The housing stock was of a solid nature, and Tufnell Park kept its good name until the end of the century. Charles Booth in his survey of London Life and Labour reported that the older streets housed a mixture of retired merchants and music hall artistes who were rich enough to holiday abroad over winter. He believed that second wave of building around Celia, Hugo, Corinne, Huddleston and Archibald Roads threatened to create a metropolis "from which the rich would soon be going". The private girls' school established at the corner of Carleton and Brecknock Roads ceased in 1878 after many of its pupils drowned in the disaster.
Whereas arterial roads and railway lines sliced through Kentish Town and Camden in the 19th century, one neat east-west double track skirts the district. Junction Road railway station was an 1872-1943 direct link with central London, superseded in 1907 by the building of the tube station Tufnell Park. The shabby genteel reputation of Tufnell Park made it a standard comic reference in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. George and Weedon Grossmith locate their aspirational Mr Pooter in Tufnell Park in Diary of a Nobody. Julian and Sandy the camp BBC home service comedians frequently referenced Tufnell Park as did the Guardian Newspaper's Biff cartoon in the 1980s. Between 1999 and 2001, Tufnell Park was the location for Channel 4's comedy drama, Spaced.

Notable residents

The focal point of defining the area is Tufnell Park on the Northern line.
The nearest London Overground stations are the same distance from the centre of the area, in neighbouring districts equally named after their stations:
This space provide Islington's only full-size grass football pitch, shared by clubs. Adjoining this former home ground of Tufnell Park F.C., sectioned off are: