Uluzzian
The Uluzzian Culture is a transitional archaeological culture between the Middle paleolithic and the Upper Paleolithic, found in Italy and Greece.
It has been dated by Katerina Douka as lasting from 45,000–39,500 years before present ; sometimes the date range 45,000–37,000 is given, bringing the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption into the picture.
Geographical extent: In Italy: Apulia, Basilicata, Campania, Calabria, Tuscany, and Fumane. Outside of Italy, only in Argolis, Greece.Discovery
Excavations by 1963 Arturo Palma di Cesnola of the Grotta del Cavallo in southern Italy uncovered the first remains later called "Uluzzian". The cave is on the Salento peninsula in Apulia, overlooking the Gulf of Taranto. The only human remains were two deciduous teeth from the Uluzzian deposit of Grotta del Cavallo identified as human by. These teeth, dated to 43,000–45,000 BP, are the oldest currently-known remains of modern humans in Europe.Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition
The Uluzzian is one of several techno-complexes considered to be "transitional assemblages": Uluzzian, Châtelperronian, Szeletian, and Lincombian-Ranisian-Jerzmanowician.Culture
The Uluzzians made and used beads from shells of marine molluscs such as scaphopods, snails, and other species.
