University of Massachusetts Medical School
The University of Massachusetts Medical School is a public medical school in Worcester, Massachusetts. It is part of the University of Massachusetts system. It is home to three schools: the School of Medicine, the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, and the Graduate School of Nursing, as well as a biomedical research enterprise and a range of public-service initiatives throughout the state.
History
UMMS was established by an act of the Massachusetts Legislature in 1962 to provide residents of the commonwealth an opportunity to study medicine at an affordable cost and to increase the number of primary-care physicians practicing in the commonwealth's under-served areas.The School of Medicine accepted its first class of 16 students in 1970. Six years later a 371-bed hospital opened on campus; the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences opened in 1979, and the Graduate School of Nursing opened in 1986.
In 1998 the UMMS system of hospitals and clinics merged with Memorial Health Care to form UMass Memorial Health Care, the largest health-care provider in Central Massachusetts and clinical partner of UMMS.
Worcester Foundation for Biomedical Research
The research mission at UMMS was augmented in 1997 with the acquisition of the financially ailing Worcester Foundation for Biomedical Research, the Shrewsbury, Massachusetts institution where researchers developed the combined oral contraceptive pill during the early 1960s.Academics
School of Medicine
Accredited by the Liaison Committee on Medical Education, the School of Medicine grants the MD degree to its graduates. With the exception of MD/PhD students, degree candidates were formerly required to be Massachusetts residents, a policy which has changed beginning with the entering class of 2016. Approximately 165 students enroll annually, and more than 4,350 students have received medical degrees from UMMS. The School of Medicine has gained a national reputation for its primary-care program and consistently ranks in the top 10 percent of schools in the annual U.S.News & World Report guide, "America’s Best Graduate Schools". SCImago Journal Rank listed the university at No. 74 in the US and No. 248 globally. Over half of each graduating class enters primary-care residencies, a trend underscoring the school's founding mission, though that figure has decreased in recent years. In addition, a high number of graduates practice throughout the state.The institution attributes its success in training primary-care physicians, in part, to a curriculum which emphasizes early exposure to community practice. Third-year students are required to complete a clerkship-rotation program, in which they spend six weeks at a time with community-based physicians. The curriculum's learning objectives are targeted at developing the foundational competencies required of all physicians including competency in communication, scientific, and patient- and community-advocacy skills. In 2010, National Resident Matching Program results showed that members of the UMMS class were accepted into some of the most competitive residency programs in the country; 71 percent of graduates entered primary care.
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences is a PhD-granting program that trains scientists in a specialty area with a broad background in the basic medical sciences in preparation for conducting research with direct relevance to human disease. According to the GSBS website, the school offers students a multidisciplinary program of study, in which they have freedom of choice in curriculum and in the selection of mentors for their graduate-thesis research. Since the first class of seven students enrolled in 1979, more than 300 students have earned PhDs from the GSBS.Graduate School of Nursing
Since the opening of the Graduate School of Nursing in 1986, more than 600 students have obtained a nursing master's, post-master's or doctoral degree from the school. The GSN prepares professional and advanced practice nurses, nurse scientists and educators as leaders in nursing and health-care delivery to diverse populations through education, research, practice and service.Research
UMMS researchers have made advances in a broad range of disease families, from HIV and infectious diseases to cancer, genetic disorders, diabetes and immune disease. UMMS faculty discovered the link between the immune system and type-1 diabetes, found the genetic cause underlying the third-most-common form of the muscular dystrophies, established the fundamental difference between HIV and other retroviruses.In the 1990s. UMMS Professor of Medicine Shan Lu, leader of the UMMS DNA based flu vaccine efforts worked to advance the development of a potential avian-flu vaccine. Lu's team has also been recognized for its work in the creation of an HIV vaccine, which in Phase I testing was found to generate antibody and T-cell responses in otherwise-healthy people not infected with HIV. In 1998, UMMS researcher Craig Mello and his colleague Andrew Fire discovered RNA interference. They demonstrated that small pieces of double-stranded RNA had interfered with the expression of a gene whose coding sequence of DNA was similar to that of the RNA they tested. Mello and Fire received the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries related to RNA interference.
Federal and private research grants and contracts at UMMS rose from about $2 million in 1977 to more than $250 million in 2019. UMMS currently supports more than 260 investigators working on advancements in the treatment of disease and injury.
UMass was ranked 21st in the nation in generating income from the licensing by AUTM, and generated $35.0 million in technology-transfer income in 2018. The school's portfolio of commercial ventures and intellectual property was catapulted by the success of UMMS licenses and patents.
MassBiologics
MassBiologics is the only publicly owned, non-profit FDA-licensed manufacturer of vaccine and other biologic products in the United States. First established in 1894, the University of Massachusetts Biologic Laboratory was re-established in 1997 by the Massachusetts legislature, and oversight was transferred from the Department of Public Health to UMMS.In recent years, MassBiologics has been called upon to respond to the threat of SARS, avian flu and rabies. MassBiologics has developed or collaborated on five “orphan products” over the past twenty years. MassBiologics continues to market its FDA-licensed Td vaccine, providing a substantial proportion of the U.S. requirement for this vaccine. MassBiologics participates in the discovery, production and clinical testing of monoclonal antibodies, antibodies now known as actoxumab and bezlotoxumab In 2005, the firm opened an $80-million facility for monoclonal-antibody production. Co-developed with Serum Institute of India, it invented a fast acting anti-Rabies drug called Rabies Human Monoclonal Antibody.
UMMS is extending its mission of public service through its Commonwealth Medicine initiative.
Faculty
Notable faculty members include:- Victor Ambros, discovered the first microRNA.
- Job Dekker, developer of the Chromosome conformation capture method.
- Katherine A. Fitzgerald, molecular biologist and virologist, finalist for the 2011 Vilcek Prize
- Craig C. Mello, Nobel Prize winner, Member of National Academy of Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator, and Blais University Chair in molecular medicine; co-donal Care, and Society.
Affiliates and clinical partners
Its largest publicly funded affiliate in the field of cancer research is the Quality Assurance Review Center, located in Lincoln, Rhode Island. Supported by the National Cancer Institute and the National Institutes of Health, QARC receives radiotherapy data from around 1,000 hospitals in the United States.
UMMHC also maintains four community hospitals:
- Clinton Hospital in Clinton
- HealthAlliance Hospital in Fitchburg and Leominster
- Marlborough Hospital in Marlborough
- Wing Memorial Hospital in Palmer
Campus