Venezuelans of European descent


European Venezuelans or white Venezuelans are Venezuelan citizens who self-identify in the national census as white, tracing their heritage to European ethnic groups. According to the official census report, although "white" literally involves external issues such as light skin, shape and color of hair and eyes, among others, the term "white" has been used in different ways in different historical periods and places, and so its precise definition is somewhat confusing.
According to the 2011 National Population and Housing Census, 43.6% of the population identified themselves as white people. A genomic study shows that about 61.5% of the Venezuelan gene pool has European origin. Among the Latin American and Caribbean countries in the study, Brazil, Venezuela, and Argentina exhibit the highest European contribution.
The ancestry of European Venezuelans is primarily Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian.

History

Spaniards settled Venezuela during the colonial period. Most of them were from Andalusia, Galicia, Basque Country and from the Canary Islands. Until the last years of World War II, a large part of the European immigrants to Venezuela came from the Canary Islands, and its cultural impact was significant, influencing the development of the Spanish language in the country, the Venezuelan gastronomy and customs.
During the 19th century the bulk of the white Dominicans migrated to Venezuela due to the political and economic instability in their country, especially after the French and Haitian annexation, but also because of constant coups and civil wars; they went from being half to barely a fifth of the Dominican population.
In the late 1940s, 1950s and early 1960s came nearly one million immigrants from Europe, mostly Spanish, Portuguese, Italians, and Jews from eastern Europe.

Census

Definition of white according to the census of Venezuela
"According to the Venezuela census the definition of White is: People whose skin tone is clear and that is why it is usually associated with populations of European origin. Although literally implies external issues such as clear skin, shape and color of hair and eyes, among others, "white" has been used in different ways in different historical periods and places. Like other common words for human ethnicities, its precise definition is somewhat confusing"
With this definition, the true percentage of white population in Venezuela is not clear.

Geographic distribution

White Venezuelan population by Venezuelan state

The following is a sortable table of the white Venezuelan proportion of the population in each Venezuelan state, according to the 2011 Census data.
Rank StateWhite Venezuelan population % white
1 Tachira743,01358.8%
2 Mérida479,02153.7%
3 Capital District1,079,89251.2%
4 Trujillo369,96148.3%
5 Nueva Esparta217,82847.1%
6 Zulia1,799,76046.3%
7 Miranda1,387,26545.8%
8 Vargas153,25244.7%
9 Aragua763,35143.4%
10 Carabobo1,010,13842.7%
11 Barinas344,26541.5%
12 Lara800,22541.9%
13 Anzoátegui629,80240.0%
14 Bolívar646,05939.2%
15 Falcón375,82338.9%
16 Monagas359,47338.8%
17 Sucre375,68838.5%
18 Portuguesa348,74537.0%
19 Delta Amacuro62,45736.4%
20 Cojedes115,43735.6%
21 Yaracuy229,54235.5%
22Amazonas54,10234.4%
23 Guárico264,03632.9%
24 Apure157,19330.2%

Percentage of white Venezuelans in municipalities

The top 20 communities with the highest percentage of White Venezuelans according to the 2011 Census:
  1. Chacao 72.20%
  2. Umuquena, Táchira 71.80%
  3. Cordero, Táchira 70.11%
  4. , Anzoátegui 70.10%
  5. El Hatillo 68.80%
  6. San Antonio de Los Altos, Miranda 66.90%
  7. Baruta 66.40%
  8. Canaguá, Mérida and , Táchira 65.50%
  9. La Grita, Táchira 64.70%
  10. San Cristóbal, Táchira 64.50%
  11. El Junko 63.20%
  12. Táriba, Táchira 62.80%
  13. Michelena, Táchira 62.50
  14. Palmira, Táchira 62.30%
  15. Seboruco, Táchira 61.90%
  16. Pueblo Llano, Mérida 61.30
  17. Tovar, Mérida 60.90%
  18. Colonia Tovar, Aragua 60.80%
  19. Capacho Nuevo, Táchira 60.20%
  20. El Cobre, Táchira 60.00%

    Density of white Venezuelans in municipalities

The top 20 communities by population density of white Venezuelans, according to the 2011 Census:
  1. Chacao 3,962.69
  2. Santa Rita, Aragua 2,604.25
  3. Carlos Soublette, Vargas 2,506.08
  4. Capital District 2,493.38
  5. Baruta 2,479.77
  6. Sucre 1,967.07
  7. Maracaibo, Zulia 1,835.49
  8. , Anzoátegui 1,668.23
  9. Porlamar, Nueva Esparta 1,176.69
  10. San Francisco, Zulia 1,110.25
  11. Los Guayos, Carabobo 1,107.78
  12. Catia La Mar, Vargas 1,094.47
  13. San Antonio de Los Altos, Miranda 1065.68
  14. Carrizal, Miranda 970.25
  15. El Limón, Aragua 944.04
  16. Palmira, Táchira 932.00
  17. Santa Cruz, Aragua 800.90
  18. San Cristóbal, Táchira 766.64
  19. Cagua, Aragua 761.63
  20. Pampatar, Nueva Esparta 749.08