Verbenaceae
The Verbenaceae are a family — the verbena family or vervain family — of mainly tropical flowering plants. It contains trees, shrubs, and herbs notable for heads, spikes, or clusters of small flowers, many of which have an aromatic smell.
Recent phylogenetic studies have shown that numerous genera traditionally classified in Verbenaceae belong instead in Lamiaceae. The new, narrowly circumscribed, family Verbenaceae includes some 35 genera and 1,200 species. The mangrove genus Avicennia, sometimes placed in the Verbenaceae or in its own family, Avicenniaceae, has been placed in the Acanthaceae.
Economically important Verbenaceae include:
The genera in the new, narrowly circumscribed, family:
- Acantholippia Griseb.
- Aloysia Palau - beebrushes
- Baillonia Bocq.
- Bouchea Cham.
- Burroughsia
- Casselia Nees & Mart.
- Chascanum E.Mey
- Citharexylum L. - fiddlewoods
- Coelocarpum Balf.f.
- Diostea Miers
- Dipyrena Hook.
- Duranta L.
- Glandularia J.F.Gmel.
- Hierobotana Briq.
- Junellia Moldenke
- Lampayo F.Phil. ex Murillo
- Lantana L. - shrub verbenas, lantanas
- Lippia L.
- Mulguraea N.O’Leary & P.Peralta
- Nashia Millsp.
- Neosparton Griseb.
- Parodianthus Tronc.
- Petrea L. - sandpaper vines
- Phyla Lour. - fogfruits
- Pitraea Turcz.
- Priva Adans.
- Recordia Moldenke
- Rehdera Moldenke
- Rhaphithamnus Miers
- Stachytarpheta Vahl
- Stylodon Raf.
- Tamonea Aubl.
- Urbania
- Verbena L. - verbenas/vervains
- Verbenoxylum Tronc.
- Xeroaloysia Tronc.
- Xolocotzia Miranda
Excluded genera
Various genera formerly included in the family Verbenaceae are now treated under other families:
;Moved to Acanthaceae:
;Moved to Lamiaceae:
- Amasonia L.f.
- Brachysola Rye
- Callicarpa L.
- Caryopteris Bunge
- Chloanthes R.Br.
- Clerodendrum L.
- Congea Roxb.
- Cornutia L.
- Cyanostegia Turcz.
- Dicrastylis J.Drumm. ex Harv.
- Discretitheca P.D.Cantino
- Faradaya F.Muell.
- Garrettia H.R.Fletcher
- Glossocarya Wall. ex Griff.
- Gmelina L.
- Hemiphora F.Muell.
- Holmskioldia Retz.
- Hosea Ridl.
- Hymenopyramis Wall. ex Griff.
- Kalaharia Baill.
- Karomia Dop
- Lachnostachys Hook.
- Mallophora Endl.
- Monochilus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
- Newcastelia F.Muell.
- Oncinocalyx F.Muell.
- Oxera Labill.
- Peronema Jack
- Petitia Jacq.
- Petraeovitex Oliv.
- Physopsis Turcz.
- Pityrodia R.Br.
- Premna L.
- Pseudocarpidium Millsp.
- Pseudocaryopteris P.D.Cantino
- Rotheca Raf.
- Schnabelia Hand.-Mazz.
- Spartothamnella Briq.
- Sphenodesme Jack
- Symphorema Roxb.
- Tectona L.f.
- Teijsmanniodendron Koord.
- Teucridium Hook.f.
- Tripora P.D.Cantino
- Vitex L.
;Moved to Oleaceae:
- Dimetra Kerr
- Nyctanthes L.
;Moved to Orobanchaceae:
- Asepalum Marais
- Cyclocheilon Oliv.
- Nesogenes A.DC.
;Moved to Phrymaceae:
;Moved to Stilbaceae:
- Campylostachys Kunth
- Euthystachys A.DC.
- Stilbe P.J.Bergius
- Thesmophora Rourke
