Vestes


Vestēs was a Byzantine court title used in the 10th and 11th centuries.
The term is etymologically connected to the vestiarion, the imperial wardrobe, but despite earlier attempts to connect the vestai and the related title of vestarchēs, the head of the class of the vestai, with the officials of the vestiarion, no such relation appears to have existed.
The title is first attested for the reign of Emperor John I Tzimiskes, when it was held by Nikephoros Phokas, son of the kouropalatēs Leo Phokas. The title remained high in the Byzantine imperial hierarchy throughout most of the 11th century, being often combined with the title of magistros and awarded to prominent generals, among others Isaac Komnenos when he was stratopedarchēs of the East, Leo Tornikios and Nikephoros Botaneiates during his tenure as doux of Eddessa and Antioch. The Escorial Taktikon, a list of offices and court titles and their precedence compiled in the 970s, distinguishes between "bearded" vestai, who also held the titles of patrikios or magistros, and the eunuch vestai, who held the title of praipositos.
As with other titles, the prestige of the vestēs declined towards the end of the 11th century, when it is attested as being held by lower-ranking officials. To counter this devaluation, the superior title of prōtovestēs appeared at the same time. Both titles, however, do not appear to have survived the reign of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos.