Born in Chicago, Adeyanju moved to the United States at age seven after living a few years in Nigeria. Adeyanju attended and graduated from Nightingale Elementary School. He was a defensive end at Curie High School in Chicago. The team compiled a 10–2 record that year, as Adeyanju recorded 45 tackles with ten sacks and seventeen stops behind the line of scrimmage. He saw action as a wide receiver and returned five kickoffs for 62 yards.
College career
The Indiana coaching staff decided to redshirt Victor in 2001, allowing him more time for his leg injury to heal. He started the final nine games of the 2002 season at left defensive end, producing 33 tackles, a sack, five stops behind the line of scrimmage and a forced fumble during 2003. Adeyanju was one of six players to start every game for Indiana in 2004. He posted 40 tackles with four sacks and 9.5 stops for losses. He also caused three fumbles, returned a fumble recovery for a touchdown and batted away three passes. In 2005, he was named Second-team All-Big Ten Conference. He led the team with 6.5 sacks and 12 stops behind the line of scrimmage and ranked seventh with 47 tackles. He also caused a fumble and had three pass break-ups. In 46 games with the Hoosiers, Victor started 43 times. He finished with 151 tackles, 13.5 sacks for losses of 104 yards and 31 stops for losses of 141 yards. He caused five fumbles and recovered another for a 4-yard touchdown return. He also deflected seven passes. He graduated with a degree in computer science.
Professional career
St. Louis Rams
Adeyanju was selected by the St. Louis Rams in the fourth round in the 2006 NFL Draft. He signed a three-year $1.4 million contract with the Rams. In his rookie season he played in 12 games, recording 34 tackles and one sack and one pressure and scored his first NFL touchdown after recovering a fumble at the Seattle Seahawks on December 12. In the 2007 season, he recorded 29 tackles and had nine pressures. In 2008, he played in 16 games for first time and had a career-high 47 tackles including a personalbest 2.0 sacks and 8 quarterback pressures. On April 17, 2009, Adeyanju signed a one-year tender worth $1.01 million, meaning he will be under contract for the 2009 season with the St. Louis Rams for his fourth season. On March 30, 2010, Per the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Adeyanju signed a one-year tender contract for a non-guaranteed salary of $1.176 million. On September 4, 2010, prior to the start of the regular season Adeyanju was waived by the Rams.
Cincinnati Bengals
On November 18, 2010, Adeyanju signed with the Cincinnati Bengals and was waived on November 24, 2010. He was inactive for the only game he was with Cincinnati, a 49–31 home loss to Buffalo. He was released on September 3, 2011.