Kamenev made his Kontinental Hockey League debut playing with Metallurg Magnitogorsk during the 2013–14 KHL season. At the conclusion of his first full KHL season in 2014–15 with Magnitogorsk, Kamenev opted to pursue his NHL ambitions, in agreeing to a three-year entry-level contract with the Nashville Predators on 10 July 2015. In the 2016–17 season, Kamenev made his NHL debut on 6 January 2017, against the Florida Panthers, after being recalled by the Predators from the Milwaukee Admirals. During an interview, Kamenev recalled to be at the Florida airport just about an hour before the 2017 Fort Lauderdale airport shooting, as he was travelling to reach the team after playing a game in California with the Admirals. He appeared in 2 scoreless games with the Predators before he was returned to play out the remainder of the campaign with the Admirals, collecting 21 goals and 51 points in 70 games. He was assigned to continue in his third season with the Milwaukee Admirals to start the 2017–18 season. Kamenev increased his scoring pace with 8 points in 10 games with the Admirals before he was dealt by the Predators, alongside Samuel Girard and a 2018 second round pick, in a three-team trade to the Colorado Avalanche, including Matt Duchene and Kyle Turris from the Ottawa Senators on 5 November 2017. With the Avalanche embarking on a Global Series in Sweden, he was to continue in the AHL with affiliate, the San Antonio Rampage. He compiled 4 assists in as many games with the Rampage before he was recalled to Colorado on 14 November 2017. On 16 November 2017, Kamenev made his Avalanche debut against the Washington Capitals, centering a line between Sven Andrighetto and Nail Yakupov. During the second period of an eventual 6-2 victory for the Avalanche, Kamenev left the game as a result of a neutral zone check from Capitals veteran defenseman, Brooks Orpik. He was later diagnosed with a broken forearm and placed indefinitely on the injury reserve list. Kamenev recorded his first career NHL goal on 1 November 2018 in a 6–5 loss to the Calgary Flames. Fellow rookie Sheldon Dries also scored his first NHL goal that game, making the pair the first Avalanche rookies to score their first NHL goals in the same game since 27 January 1995.
