Vyvyan Holland, OBE, born Vyvyan Oscar Beresford Wilde in London, was a British author and translator. He was the second son of Oscar Wilde and Constance Lloyd, and had a brother Cyril.
Biography
was Oscar Wilde's first choice as godfather to Vyvyan, but he declined due to his age. Wilde turned to Mortimer Menpes, who accepted. According to Vyvyan Holland's accounts in his autobiography, Son of Oscar Wilde, Oscar was a devoted and loving father to his two sons and their childhood was a relatively happy one. After 1895, when Wilde was convicted of the charge of "gross indecency" and imprisoned, Constance changed her surname, and those of their sons, to Holland. She forced Wilde to give up his parental rights. She moved with the boys to Switzerland and enrolled them in an English-speaking boarding school in Germany. Vyvyan was unhappy there. Because of this, but also to improve security, Vyvyan was moved to a Jesuit school in Monaco. He converted to Catholicism and subsequently attended Stonyhurst College in England, a public school also run by Jesuits. His brother Cyril remained at the school in Germany. After Constance died in 1898, her relatives sought legal counsel to prevent Oscar Wilde from seeing his sons again. Wilde died in 1900. Vyvyan studied law at Trinity Hall in the University of Cambridge from 1905, but tired of his studies and left Cambridge in 1907. On 20 July 1909 he accompanied his father's friend Robert Ross to witness the reinterment of his father's remains from Bagneux Cemetery to Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris. Holland resumed his study of law at the age of 22, and was called to the Bar of England and Wales by the Inner Temple in 1912. He also began to write poems and short stories. Holland married Violet Mary Craigie in 1913. She died 15 October 1918 at Westminster Hospital, Middlesex, from injuries in a fire. At the start of the First World War in 1914, Holland was commissioned a Second Lieutenant in the Interpreters Corps. He later transferred into 114 Battery, XXV Bde Royal Field Artillery. He was demobilised on 27 July 1919 and was awarded an OBE. His brother Cyril had been killed by a German sniper on 9 May 1915, during the Battle of Festubert in France. Holland became an author and translator. At the beginning of the Second World War, he was offered a position as a translator and editor for the BBC, a post he held for six years. In September 1943 he married his second wife, Dorothy Thelma Helen Besant. Born in Australia, she had moved to London. Their only child, Merlin Holland, was born in London in 1945. Merlin became a publisher, a dealer in glass and ceramics, and a writer. He conducted extensive research about his paternal grandfather Wilde, and has edited, written and published several works about him. In 1947 Holland and his wife left for Australia and New Zealand, where she had been invited to give lectures on fashionable dress in 19th-century Australia. The couple lived in Melbourne from 1948 to 1952. In 1954, after returning to England, Holland published an autobiography entitled Son of Oscar Wilde. Vyvyan Holland died in London in 1967 aged 80.
