W. H. Grattan Flood


William Henry Grattan Flood was a noted Irish author, composer, musicologist, and historian. As a writer and ecclesiastical composer, his personal contributions to Irish music produced enduring works, although he is regarded today as controversial due to the inaccuracy of some of his work. As a historian, his output was prolific on topics of local and national historical or biographical interest.
In 1917, Flood was awarded the papal cross Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice by Pope Benedict XV and in 1922 was elevated by Pope Leo XIII to the Order of St Gregory with the title Chevalier, thereafter he was often called "Chevalier Flood". He is not to be confused with the unrelated Irish statesmen Henry Flood or Henry Grattan.

Biography

Flood was born in Lismore, County Waterford, Ireland. His family had a great influence on his education. He was born to William and Catherine Flood, the Master and Matron of the Lismore Union Workhouse. He had one older sister, and five brothers, Patrick, Frederick, George and James. Flood received his elementary education at his grandfather's boys academy in Lismore, and was given music lessons by his aunt, Elizabeth FitzSimon. He quickly became an accomplished pianist and, at the age of nine, was invited to give a recital for the Duke of Devonshire at Lismore Castle. He entered Mount Melleray in 1872 and graduated in 1876. During this time, he received private tuition in music from Sir Robert Prescott Stewart and developed proficiency on other musical instruments. He was organist of St. Peter's Pro-Cathedral in Belfast, the Cathedral of the Assumption in Thurles, Co. Tipperary, Monaghan Cathedral and St. Aidan's Cathedral, Enniscorthy. A devout Catholic, Flood entered St. Patrick's in Carlow, Co. Carlow and spent several years studying for the priesthood. He taught music at the Jesuit Colleges of Tullabeg, Co. Offaly, Clongowes Wood College, St MacCartan's College, Monaghan, and St. Kieran's College in Kilkenny. During his long residency at Enniscorthy Flood authored the majority of his musical compositions and historical publications. Flood was awarded an honorary Doctor of Music from the Royal University of Ireland in 1907.
While he was organist and musical director at St. Aidan's Cathedral in Enniscorthy. He transcribed the Wexford Carol from a local singer and had it published in The Oxford Book of Carols, putting Enniscorthy into most carol books around the world.
In December 1898, he married Margaret Delaney and, over the next 12 years, the couple had six children, including Catherine, Mollie, Agnes, William, Patrick and Margaret. Following his death, his daughter, Kathleen, assumed the position of organist at St. Aidan's until her death in 1956.
Flood is a highly controversial figure in Irish musicology. He has undoubtedly inspired a lot of more recent research, but "his appreciation of detail was enthusiastic rather than thorough, and the contents of his books were often distorted by his national and religious commitment". Although he is known to have had access to sources in the Public Record Office which burnt down in the Irish Civil War in 1922, "he renders himself untrustworthy by the fact that, where his sources can be checked, he sometimes misquotes or misinterprets them; and he is too ready to jump to conclusions which are presented as if they were facts." On the other hand, he wrote "at a time when it was either scorned or ignored, except by a few enthusiasts." Flood's most adventurous claims included an "Irish Ancestry of Garland, Dowland, Campion and Purcell". Therefore, his writings on musical history may need to be met with some caution.

Selected publications

Musicology
General and local history
Worklist from Boydell, p. 395; with additions taken from the online catalogues of the and the .
Church music
Songs
Editions
ERECTED TO THE MEMORY OF
CHEVALIER WILLIAM HENRY GRATTAN FLOOD, ENNISCORTHY,
IN RECOGNITION OF HIS INVALUABLE SERVICES TO IRISH MUSIC AND LITERATURE. DIED AUGUST 6TH 1928.
”Irish orators of rival fame –
Combine to mould his memorable name; –
But music was his first love and his last –
And links in him our present with our past." — Epitaph by Alfred Perceval Graves.