Wang Yi, pen name Wang Shuya, is the founding pastor of the Early Rain Covenant Church, a Calvinisthouse church in Chengdu. He is also a productive writer, editor, and social activist, and was a legal scholar at Chengdu University before he resigned to take up the pastorate.
Biography
In 2004, he was included in the list of "50 Most Influential Public Intellectuals of China" by . In 2005, he was converted, baptized, and started to serve in the house church. He was among the few pioneering Christian human-rights attorneys in China. Wang Yi met with President George W. Bush at the White House in 2006, with other Chinese human rights attorneys, to discuss religious freedom in China. He returned to Washington, D.C. in 2008, to attend the Conference for Global Christians in Law and was awarded "Prize for the Contribution to Promoting Religious Freedom." In 2008, he founded and started to serve the Chengdu Early Rain Reformed Church . In October 2011, he was ordained and became the senior pastor of the church. The church now had a membership of about 700 before it was closed down in late 2018. Wang Yi was one of China's best-known pastors in the West. He and Early Rain have been profiled in The Atlantic and New York Times, and the subject of a number of journalist and academic works. A review by the editorial board of the Washington Post called Wang "a paragon of the noble aspiration that people be allowed to think, speak, worship and assemble freely". On 9 December 2018, he and over 100 other members of the church were arrested by Chinese authorities, who simultaneously banned any reporting of the crackdown. This action is being objected to by the US Ambassador at Large for International Religious Freedom. After he had been detained for 48 hours, the Early Rain Covenant Church released Wang's "My Declaration of Faithful Disobedience" written two months earlier in anticipation of his arrest. On 30 December 2019, Wang was given a prison sentence of nine years by Chengdu Intermediate People's Court for "inciting subversion of state power and illegal business operations." The sentence also included the stripping of his political rights for three years and the confiscation of his personal assets of RMB 50,000. On 31 December 2019, U.S. State Department called China for Wang's immediate and unconditional release in a statement, saying "This is yet another example of Beijing's intensification of repression of Chinese Christians and members of other religious groups". On 1 January 2020, the embassy of the Netherlands in Beijing posted a message on Chinese social network Sina Weibo, which emphasized the importance of freedom of religion, with a screenshot of the Chinese court document about the sentence of Wang Yi.
Theology
Wang Yi argues that the idea of the separation of church and state originated from the Calvinist tradition. He criticizes the Three-Self Patriotic Movement in China as emphasizing nationalism, which he claims results in a worship of secular authorities at the cost of valuing the local community. Instead, he argues that the separation of church and state in the United States is deeply rooted in the Calvinist tradition. This holds to a view in which a constitutional polity is legitimized by a transcendent power – namely, a sovereign God. Furthermore, he claims that the nation cannot interfere with church affairs, on the one hand, and should be obliged to protect the religious freedom out of the divine duty, on the other. Wang wants to promote the transparency and publicity of the Chinese house church. Wang argues that churches ought to not only listen for God's voice, but also engage in public affairs. For him, the Reformed church in China should have a pastoral mission for the Chinese church and a prophetic mission for Chinese society. According to Fredrik Fällman, Wang Yi sees this as the mechanism by which "New Genevas" are established throughout China, akin to John Calvin's Christian reforms in Geneva.
In August 2015, Wang Yi posted a document titled "Reaffirming our Stance on the House Churches: 95 theses" in an attempt to reaffirm the Chinese house church's position in the relationship between government and society. Echoing Martin Luther's 95 theses, these Chinese 95 theses demonstrate his opinion of the church-state relationship from the perspective of the house church. This document is divided into 6 sections:
Theses 1–17: God's Sovereignty and Biblical Authority.
Theses 18–31: God's Law and Christ's Redemption.
Theses 32–39: Against the "Sinicization of Christianity."
