Western High School (Baltimore)


Western High School is the oldest public all-girls high school remaining in the United States. It is the third-oldest public high school in the state of Maryland and part of the Baltimore City Public Schools. Western High was named a "National Blue Ribbon School" of Excellence by the U.S. Department of Education in 2009 and a "Silver Medal High School" by the news magazine U.S. News and World Report in 2012.

History

The Western Female High School was founded in 1844 as one of two "twin sisters" secondary schools for young ladies in the then 15-year-old Baltimore City Public Schools system, along with the Eastern Female High School. Earlier in 1829, the first four "grammar" schools were established by the newly organized B.C.P.S., two for boys and two for girls, one in each of the four quadrants of the smaller densely populated city that was Baltimore then.
Five years before, "The High School" was established by resolution of the Baltimore City Council in March 1839 and opened the following October for boys in a rented townhouse on Courtland Street. Under the supervision of well known classics scholar as the first professor/teacher and principal, Dr. Nathan C. Brooks. That first secondary school in the state and third oldest in America moved several times to rented structures in its first few years before the city purchased the old historic "Assembly Rooms" structure at the northeast corner of East Fayette and Holiday Streets, built in 1797 for the Baltimore Dancing Assembly, a social, entertainment and cultural center with two subscription early libraries housed on its upper floors. In 1835, a third floor was added replacing its peakedsurrounded by a balustrade pediment added to its classic red brick and white stone trim of Georgian/Federal architecture|Federal style architecture.
Known briefly after the establishment of the two twin female high schools in 1844 as the Male High School, it was renamed the Central High School of Baltimore by 1849, when Professor Brooks left as first principal.
The High School remained here at Fayette and Holliday for the next thirty years until it perished in a large fire which spread from nearby famous Holliday Street Theater of 1794 in November 1873. At that time the massive pile known as the Baltimore City Hall, designed by new municipal architect George A. Frederick was rising across the street in 1867-1875.
By 1866, with a new extended five year stricter curriculum, the Central High School was renamed The Baltimore City College by resolution of the City Council in an effort to raise the academic level of the high school to collegiate simultaneously with a similar effort further north with the Free School of New York, a similar public/private secondary school and academy founded 1847, now known as the City College of New York.
On November 1, 1844, the Western High School officially opened its doors for the first time in the old Armitage Hall located at 100 North Paca Street on the western side of downtown Baltimore, between West Fayette and Lexington Streets. In those two small rented rooms, Robert Kerr, the first principal and sole teacher, welcomed thirty-six young women. Thus began the unique legacy of Western, a pioneer in women's education, along with its companion Eastern High, in the United States. Before the two female high schools were established, there had been no opportunity for Baltimore girls to get an education beyond the grammar school level.
By 1896, a half-century later and several relocations later, W.F.H.S. moved to a new, more expensive building specifically constructed for the girls' high school on Lafayette and McCulloh Streets in the northwestern residential neighborhood of Upton. By this time, the girls had opportunities to take clerical courses.
After several other moves, over the next seventy years, which included a matching twin 'H' shaped structure of red brick and limestone trim in an English Tudor / Elizabethan /Jacobethan architecture from 1928 to 1954 on Gwynns Falls Parkway. Later transferred that year of the racial integration of the Baltimore City Public Schools to become Frederick Douglass High School, opposite financier George Brown's estate "Mondawmin" which was replaced by one of the earliest enclosed malls in 1956), which was duplicated for the similar new building for sister Eastern High in 1938 on 33rd Street and Loch Raven Boulevard.
For 13 years WHS spent at the southwest corner of North Howard and West Centre Street in the former Baltimore City College building of 1895-1928, which afterward had housed the Boys Vocational High School until 1954 when it merged with Samuel Gompers Vocational High School to form Mergenthaler Vocational-Technical High School in a new brick building and campus in 1955 on Hillen Road, facing Lake Montebello in the northeast city.
Western's years at the old City College building were crowded and difficult with an additional annex building and no surrounding campus in its near downtown and Mount Vernon-Belvedere neighborhood location.
Finally a new modern Western High finally opened in its current location at 4600 Falls Road at the northwest corner with West Cold Spring Lane in September 1967, sharing a joint, huge, modern campus with the then all-male Baltimore Polytechnic Institute to the west, the city's premier mathematics/science/technology and engineering magnet public high school, previously founded 1883 on little Courtland Street as the Baltimore Manual Training School, and renamed a decade later. The new "Poly-Western Complex", on the drawing boards for five years, was one of the most expensive and largest high school campuses constructed in America up to that time.
For most of its history,
Western has been a citywide "magnet program", officially designated as such in 1975. Students must apply and meet certain entrance criteria to be accepted into the talented student body at Western.
Baltimore Leadership School for Young Women, established in 2009, initially occupied the third floor of Western but moved into its own building in the former Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA downtown center at the northeast corner of Park Avenue and West Franklin Street in the following year. The people of Western High School opposed the idea of BLSYW being housed in that building.
The current principal of Western High School is Michelle White, a Western alumna.

Academics

Western has a statewide reputation extending back 175 years for academic excellence. Western High offers three academic programs/curriculums: the "Accelerated College Preparatory", "College Preparatory", and the "Teacher Academy". Western's most rigorous academic program is the "Advanced College Preparatory" Program,, which was established in 1933 by a joint agreement between Western and the then also all-female Goucher College.
Within the "Accelerated College Preparatory" program, students can finish four years of high school work in grade 9–11. During their 12th-grade year they are able to pursue advanced placement or college-level courses. Students who graduate from "The 'A' Course" may enter college or university with "advanced standing". This rigorous college preparatory program allows students to take honors course in subjects in which they demonstrate strength. The classes of 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009 had a 100% four-year college acceptance rate. The W.H.S.'s "Teacher Academy" offers four classes that prepare students for a career in education. Western also annually produces championship athletic teams and prize-winning performing arts students and sponsors more than 40 different type of clubs, organizations, service groups and publications. In 2012, the news magazine U.S. News and World Report ranked Western High School as 912th nationally and 44th in Maryland as a "Silver Medal High School".

Athletics

Western High school's athletics program fields teams in soccer, cross-country, badminton, swimming, lacrosse, dance, tennis, volleyball, basketball, softball and track and field. The Western Doves girls' basketball team won the Maryland public secondary school championships in 1994 and 1995. They were runners-up in the state contests in 1998, 1999, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2010. They won 35 or more District IX Baltimore City Championships and have been to State Finals a record 14 times. The Western track and field team are perennial champions, winning multiple city, regional and state championships. They won 29 Baltimore City Indoor/Outdoor Track Championships, 1995-2007 1990-2005, 2007, 27 3A/4A North Regional Indoor/Outdoor Track Championships, 1995-2006 1990-2004, 2006 and three 3A/4A Maryland State Outdoor Track Championships, 2002, 2005-2006. They were four times the 3A/4A Maryland State Outdoor Track Championship runner-ups: 1998, 1999, 2003, 2004. In 2009 outdoor track season, the Doves took citys, regionals and states, becoming the 2009 Outdoor Track State Champs.

Activities

Traditions

;Big Sister, Little Sister Program
;Freshman Day
;Sophomore Parent-Daughter Tea
;Junior Day
;Senior Inaugural
;Senior Farewell
;Revel
Western has four sets of traditional class colors. Each class inherits their class colors as freshmen. The colors are:

Graduation

Western High School's graduation is traditionally held on a Saturday in even years and on a Sunday in odd years, in June. This is because it shares an athletic complex with its brother school, Baltimore Polytechnic Institute. The girls wear white, ankle-length dresses and carry red roses during the commencement ceremony. For many years now, it has also been customary to release white doves at commencement. The dove, Western's school mascot, symbolizes the Western Lady, flying above the crowd with quiet dignity, gentility, poise, and elegance. The doves released at commencement circle over Western, then fly off, just as the graduates, having completed their Western experience, depart for college.

Notable alumnae