Wide Angle Search for Planets


WASP or Wide Angle Search for Planets is an international consortium of several academic organisations performing an ultra-wide angle search for exoplanets using transit photometry. The array of robotic telescopes aims to survey the entire sky, simultaneously monitoring many thousands of stars at an apparent visual magnitude from about 7 to 13.
WASP is the detection program composed of the Isaac Newton Group, IAC and six universities from the United Kingdom. The two continuously operating, robotic observatories cover the Northern and Southern Hemisphere, respectively. SuperWASP-North is at Roque de los Muchachos Observatory on the mountain of that name which dominates La Palma in the Canary Islands. WASP-South is at the South African Astronomical Observatory, Sutherland in the arid Roggeveld Mountains of South Africa. These use eight wide-angle cameras that simultaneously monitor the sky for planetary transit events and allow the monitoring of millions of stars simultaneously, enabling the detection of rare transit events.
Instruments used for follow-up characterization employing doppler spectroscopy to determine the exoplanet's mass include the HARPS spectrograph of ESO's 3.6-metre telescope as well as the Swiss Euler Telescope, both located at La Silla Observatory, Chile. WASP's design has also been adopted by the Next-Generation Transit Survey. As of 2016, the Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia data base contains a total of 2,107 extrasolar planets of which 118 were discoveries by WASP.

Equipment

WASP consists of two robotic observatories; SuperWASP-North at Roque de los Muchachos Observatory on the island of La Palma in the Canaries and WASP-South at the South African Astronomical Observatory, South Africa. Each observatory consists of an array of eight Canon 200 mm f1.8 lenses backed by high quality 2048 x 2048 science grade CCDs, the model used is the iKon-L manufactured by Andor Technology. The telescopes are mounted on an equatorial telescope mount built by Optical Mechanics, Inc. The large field of view of the Canon lenses gives each observatory a massive sky coverage of 490 square degrees per pointing.

Function

The observatories continuously monitor the sky, taking a set of images approximately once per minute, gathering up to 100 gigabytes of data per night. By using the transit method, data collected from WASP can be used to measure the brightness of each star in each image, and small dips in brightness caused by large planets passing in front of their parent stars can be searched for.
One of the main purpose of WASP was to revolutionize the understanding of planet formation, paving the way for future space missions searching for 'Earth'-like worlds.

Structure

WASP is operated by a consortium of academic institutions which include:
and its parent star.
On 26 September 2006, the team reported the discovery of two extrasolar planets: WASP-1b and WASP-2b.
On 31 October 2007, the team reported the discovery of three extrasolar planets: WASP-3b, WASP-4b and WASP-5b. All three planets are similar to Jovian mass and are so close to their respective stars that their orbital periods are all less than two days. These are among the shortest orbital periods discovered. The surface temperatures of the planets should be more than 2000 degrees Celsius, owing to their short distances from their respective stars. The WASP-4b and WASP-5b are the first planets discovered by the cameras and researchers in South Africa. WASP-3b is the third planet discovered by the equivalent in La Palma.
In August 2009, the discovery of WASP-17b was announced, believed to be the first planet ever discovered to orbit in the opposite direction to the spin of its star, WASP-17.

Discoveries and follow-up observations

StarConstellationRight
ascension
DeclinationApp.
mag.
Distance Spectral
type
PlanetMass
Radius
Orbital
period
Semimajor
axis
Orbital
eccentricity
Inclination
Discovery
year
WASP-1Andromeda11.791031F7Vb0.861.4842.51994640.0382088.652006
WASP-2Delphinus11.98493K1Vb0.8471.0792.152221440.03138084.732006
WASP-3Lyra10.64727F7Vb2.061.4541.84683720.0313085.062007
WASP-4Phoenix12.6851G7Vb1.12151.3631.338231870.02312088.82007
WASP-5Phoenix12.26967G4Vb1.581.091.62842960.02683085.82007
WASP-6Aquarius12.41001G8Vb0.51.33.360.02690.05488.472008
WASP-7Microscopium9.51460F5Vb0.960.9154.9546580.0618089.62008
WASP-8Sculptor9.9160G6b2.231.178.160.07930.308288.522008
WASP-8Sculptor9.9160G6c9.4543235.2802014
WASP-10Pegasus12.7290K5b3.061.083.09276160.03710.05786.82008
WASP-11/HAT-P-10Perseus11.89408K3Vb0.4601.0453.72246900.0439088.52008
WASP-12Auriga11.7871G0Vb1.4041.7361.09142220.022930862008
WASP-13Lynx10.7509G1Vb0.4851.3654.3530110.05379085.642008
WASP-14Boötes9.75520F5Vb7.7251.2592.24377040.0370.090384.792008
WASP-15Hydra10.91005F5b0.541.163.750.0472085.52008
WASP-16Virgo11.3520G3Vb0.8551.0083.120.0421085.222009
WASP-17Scorpius11.61000F6b0.4861.9913.7354380.05150.02886.832009
WASP-18Phoenix9.29330F9b10.31.1060.941452990.020260.0092862009
WASP-19Vela12.3815G8Vb1.1681.3860.788840.016550.004679.42009
Cetus10.7685F9b0.311.4594.90.0600385.572011
WASP-21Pegasus11.6750G3Vb0.31.214.3225060.052087.292010
WASP-22Eridanus12.0980G1b0.5881.1583.53273130.04698088.262010
WASP-23Puppis12.7K1Vb0.8840.9622.94442560.0376< 0.06288.392010
WASP-24Virgo11.31080F8-9b1.031.102.3410.0359085.712010
WASP-25Hydra11.9550G4b0.581.263.7650.0487087.72010
WASP-26Cetus11.3815G0b1.0281.2812.75660040.03985082.912010
Pisces121090F8b1.120.913.4090.04550.04688.612010
WASP-29Phoenix11.3260K4Vb0.250.743.9230.0456087.962010
Crater11.71305Fb0.4781.5373.4059090.04657084.542010
WASP-32Pisces11.3Gb3.61.182.718650.03940.01885.32010
WASP-33Andromeda8.3378A5b< 4.591.4381.219869670.02558087.672010
WASP-34Crater10.4391G5b0.591.224.31767820.05240.03885.22010
Eridanus10.94663b0.721.323.1615750.04317087.962011-
WASP-36Hydra12.71468G2b2.2791.2691.537370.0262483.652010
WASP-37Virgo12.71102G2b1.6961.1363.5774710.04339088.782010
WASP-38Hercules9.42359F8b2.7121.0796.8718150.075510.032188.692010
Virgo12.11750G8b0.281.274.0552590.0486087.832011
WASP-40/HAT-P-27Virgo12.21665G8b0.661.0553.03957210.04030.07884.982011
Centaurus11.6587G8Vb0.921.213.0523940.04087.32010
Centaurus11.6587G8Vc421.0 1.070.2942015
12.57K1b0.51.084.981690.04580.0688.252011
WASP-43Sextans12.4K7Vb1.780.930.8134750.0142082.62011
WASP-44Cetus12.9G8Vb0.8891.142.42380390.03473086.022011
Sculptor12K2Vb1.0071.163.12608760.04054084.472011
Indus12.9G6Vb2.1011.311.430370.02448082.632011
WASP-47Aquarius11.9652G9Vb1.141.154.159140.052089.322011
WASP-47Aquarius11.9652G9Vc1.31596.01.410.2887.02015
WASP-47Aquarius11.9652G9Vd0.04280.3319.03040.088 0.00789.222015
WASP-47Aquarius11.9652G9Ve0.0290.1670.789610.01730.03 86.22015
Cygnus11.06F/Gb0.981.672.1436340.03444080.092011
WASP-49ACanis Major11.36G6b0.3781.1152.7817484.892011
Eridanus11.6750G9b1.4681.1531.95509590.029450.00984.742011
WASP-51/HAT-P-30Draco10.36629F9b0.7111.342.8105950.04190.03583.62011
Pegasus12457K2Vb0.461.271.7497885.352011
WASP-53Cetus11.0766K3b0.0941.23.310.04101-87.082011
Virgo10.42F9V/IVb0.61.43.72011
Virgo11.81076b0.571.34.465630.053389.22011
WASP-56Triangulum11.48G6b0.61.24.62011
Libra13.341483G6b0.81.12.82011
Lyra11.66978G2Vb0.891.375.017180.056187.42011
Pegasus13408K5Vb0.8630.7757.919590.06970.12011
Pegasus12.181305G1Vb0.50.864.3050.0531087.92011
Lepus12.51566F7b2.061.243.85590.051489.352011
Dorado10.31566F7b0.571.394.411950.056788.32011
Columba11.21076G8b0.381.434.378090.57487.82011
Canis Major12.291141G7b1.2171.2441.573290.02640.0486.72011
Cancer11.91010G6b1.551.1122.31142430.0334-2011
WASP-66Antlia11.61239F4b2.321.394.086050.054685.92011
Sagittarius12.5734K0Vb0.421.44.614420.051785.82011
10.7G0b0.951.245.082011
WASP-69AquariusK50.261.063.86813820.04525086.72011
WASP-70AAquarius10.8799G4b0.591.163.7130.0485< 0.067-2011
Cetus10.57652F8b2.2581.52.9036784.22012
Fornax9.6F7b1.54611.272.216740.037082013
Indus10.5F9b1.881.164.0870.055142013
WASP-74Aquila9.7391F9b0.8261.4042.13774450.034430.079.862014
Cetus11.45848F9b1.071.272.48419 0.0375822013
WASP-76Pisces9.5390F7b0.921.831.809890.033882013
WASP-77ACetus11.29G8Vb1.761.211.3600389.42012
Eridanus12.01794F8b1.161.752.175180.0415892012
WASP-79Eridanus10.1783F3b0.891.72.175180.036283.22012
Aquila11.88196K7Vb0.5540.9523.067850.03460.0789.922013
WASP-82Orion10.1650F5b1.241.672.705780.044787.92013
WASP-83Corvus12.9978G8b0.31.044.0712520.0590.088.92014
WASP-84Hydra390K0b0.6940.9428.523490.077188.3682013
WASP-85AVirgo11.2407±260G5b1.091.442.660.1138~089.722014
WASP-86Hercules10.66F7b 0.951.795.03161440.0617 0.0 84.452016
WASP-87 ACentaurus10.7780F5b2.181.3851.68279500.0294681.072014
WASP-88Indus11.4F6b0.561.74.9540.064322013
WASP-89Capricornus13.1K3b 5.91.043.35642270.04270.19389.42014
WASP-90Equuleus11.71100F6b0.631.633.916240.056282.12013
WASP-91Tucana12.0K3b1.341.032.7985810.0370.086.82017
WASP-92Hercules13.181729F7b0.8051.4612.17467420.03480.083.752016
WASP-93Cassiopeia10.97815F4b1.471.5972.73253210.0421181.182016
WASP-94AMicroscopium10.1587F8b0.4451.723.950.055<0.1388.72014
WASP-94BMicroscopium10.5587F9b≥0.6172.0080.03352014
WASP-95Grus10.1G2b1.131.212.184670.0341688.42013
WASP-96Phoenix12.2G8b0.481.23.425260.045385.62013
WASP-97Eridanus10.6G5b1.321.132.072760.03303882013
WASP-98Eridanus13.0G7b0.831.12.962640.03686.32013
WASP-99Eridanus9.5F8b2.781.15.752510.071788.82013
WASP-100Reticulum10.8F2b2.031.692.849380.045782.62013
WASP-101Canis Major10.3F6b0.51.413.585720.0506852013
WASP-102Pegasus12.73G0b0.6241.2592.7098130.040189.732016
Hercules12.1F8b1.491.530.9250.0198586.32014
WASP-104Leo11.12466G8b1.2721.1371.75541370.0291883.632014
WASP-105Phoenix12.10K2b 1.80.967.872880.0750.089.72017
WASP-106Leo11.21923F9b1.9251.0859.2897150.091789.492014
Virgo11.6208.7K6Vb0.120.945.721490.055--2017
WASP-108Centaurus11.2717F9b 1.1671.2152.67554630.039788.492014
WASP-109Libra11.41076F4b0.911.4433.31902330.046384.282014
WASP-110Sagittarius12.31043G9b0.5151.2383.77839770.045788.062014
WASP-111Capricornus10.3684F5b1.831.4422.3109650.0391481.612014
Piscis Austrinus13.31337G6b0.881.1913.03539920.038288.682014
WASP-113Boötes11.801174G1b0.4751.4094.542168745380.058850.086.462016
WASP-114Pegasus12.741500G0b1.7691.3391.54877430.028510.01283.962016
10.15F9Vb0.27551.02110.021650.094590.30289.142014
WASP-118Pisces11.02815F6b0.5141.444.0460435 0.0545388.72016
WASP-119Reticulum12.21086G5b1.231.4 2.499790.03630.05885.02016
WASP-120Horologium11F5b5.061.5153.6112706 0.05220.05982.292015
WASP-121Puppis11.0850F6Vb1.1841.811.2750.02544087.62015
WASP-122Puppis11.0G4b1.4011.7921.71005670.03107 0.078.352015
WASP-123Sagittarius11.1G5b0.921.3272.9776410.04310.085.792015
WASP-124Piscis Austrinus12.71412F9b0.61.24 3.372650.04990.01786.32016
WASP-126Hydrus10.8763G2b 0.28410.963.28880.04490.1887.92016
Sextans10.2522G5b0.181.374.178060.0520-2016
WASP-128Centaurus12.51376G0Vb 37.190.9372.208836650.03590.089.12018
WASP-129Centaurus12.3802G1b1.00.93 5.7481450.06280.09687.72016
WASP-130Centaurus11.1587G6b1.230.8911.550980.10120.088.662016
WASP-131Centaurus10.1815G0b0.271.225.3220230.06070.085.02016
WASP-132Lupus12.4391K4b0.410.877.1335210.0670.089.62016
WASP-133Microscopium12.91491G4b1.161.212.1764230.03450.1787.02016
WASP-134Pegasus11.3636G4b1.4120.98810.14675830.09560.144789.132018
WASP-134Pegasus11.3636G4c 70.01 0.1732018
WASP-135Hercules13.3978G5b1.9 1.31.40137940.02430.082.02015
Cetus10.39906F5b1.511.385.220.0661084.72016
WASP-137Cetus11801G0b 0.681 1.27 3.90802840.05190.14 84.592018
WASP-138Cetus12.28F9b1.221.093.60.0494088.52016
WASP-139Eridanus12.4750K0b0.1170.85.9242620.0620.088.92016
WASP-140Eridanus11.1587K0b2.441.442.23598350.03230.04783.32016
WASP-141Eridanus12.41859F9b2.69 1.213.3106510.04690.087.62016
WASP-142Hydra12.32740F8b0.841.532.0528680.0347 0.0 80.22016
WASP-143Hydra12.61115G1b0.7251.2343.7788730.0490.000789.0-
WASP-144Microscopium12.9K2Vb0.440.85 2.27831520.03160.086.92018
WASP-145AIndus11.5K2Vb0.890.90.02610.083.32018
WASP-146Cetus12.901373G0b1.111.228 3.3969440.0451 0.15 83.962018
WASP-147Aquarius12.311389G4b0.2751.1154.602730.05490.087.92018
WASP-148Hercules12.008090.290.728.803810.08450.2289.82020
WASP-148Hercules12.00809c 34.5160.210.3592020
WASP-150Draco12.001748b8.461.075.644207 0.06940.377584.012020
WASP-151Pisces12.91566G1b0.311.134.5334710.0550.089.22017
WASP-152Taurus12.56G7Vb 0.731.193.25883210.042170.06686.6562016
WASP-153Lyra12.81402b0.39 1.553.3326090.0480.084.12017
WASP-156Cetus11.6457K3b0.128 0.51 3.8361690.0453 0.0 89.12017
Virgo12.911545G2Vb0.5761.0453.95162050.05290-2016
WASP-158Cetus12.1F6Vb2.79 1.070.05170.0 87.7 2018
WASP-159Caelum12.8-F9b0.551.383.8404010.05380.088.12018
WASP-160BColumba13.09-K0Vb0.2811.093 3.7684950.04550.089.022018
WASP-161Hydra11.09F6b2.491.1435.40604250.067389.012018
WASP-162Crater12.2K0b5.21.09.624680.08710.43489.32018
WASP-163Ophiuchus12.54G8b1.871.2021.60968840.026685.422018
WASP-164Tucana12.62G2Vb2.131.1281.77712550.028180.082.732018
WASP-165Aquarius12.69-G6b0.6581.263.4655090.048230.084.92018
WASP-166Hydra9.36369F9b0.1020.635.4435260.06420.087.82018
Centaurus10.51430F1Vb8.0-2.02195910.0365--2017
WASP-168Puppis11.0F9Vb0.421.54.1536580.0519 0.084.42018
WASP-169Hydra12.22081b 0.561 1.3045.61141180.06810.087.92019
WASP-170Pyxis12.79G1b1.61.0962.344780220.033784.872018
WASP-171Centaurus132524b 1.0840.988 3.81862440.05040.088.32019
WASP-172Centaurus11.0-F1Vb0.471.575.4774330.06940.086.72018
WASP-173ASculptor11.3G3b 3.691.21.386653180.0248 0.085.22018
WASP-175Hydra121905b 0.99 1.2083.06529070.0440.085.332019
WASP-176Delphinus12.001885b0.8551.5053.8990520.05350.086.72020
WASP-177Aquarius11.6581K2b0.5081.583.0717220.0395784.142019
WASP-178Lupus9.951363A1IV-Vb1.661.813.34482850.05580.085.72019
WASP-181Pisces10.01445G2b0.2991.1844.51950640.0542788.382019
WASP-182Microscopium121080b0.1480.85 3.37698480.04510.083.882019
WASP-183Leo12.761070G9/K0b 0.5021.474.11177710.0463285.372019
WASP-184Centaurus12.92087F1Vb 0.571.335.18170.06270.086.92019
WASP-189Libra6.60323A6IV-Vb2.131.3742.7240330.04970.084.3212018

1SWASP J140747.93-394542.6 b

The discovery of the J1407 system and its unusual eclipses were first reported by a team led by University of Rochester astronomer Eric Mamajek in 2012. The existence and parameters of the ring system around the substellar companion J1407b were deduced from the observation of a very long and complex eclipse of the previously anonymous star J1407 during a 56-day period during April and May 2007. The low-mass companion J1407b has been referred to as a "Saturn on steroids" or “Super Saturn” due to its massive system of circumplanetary rings with a radius of approximately 90 million km. The orbital period of the ringed companion J1407b is estimated to be around a decade, and its most probable mass is approximately 13 to 26 Jupiter masses, but with considerable uncertainty. The ringed body can be ruled out as being a star with mass of over 80 Jupiter masses at greater than 99% confidence. The ring system has an estimated mass similar to that of the Earth. A gap in the ring system at about 61 million km from its centre is considered to be indirect evidence of the existence of an exomoon with mass up to 0.8 Earth masses.

Other extrasolar planet search projects