The Willys MC or formally the -Ton, 4 x 4, Utility Truck M38 was a quarter-ton four-wheel drivemilitary light utility vehicle made by Willys between 1949 and 1952. It replaced the World War II Willys MB and Ford GPW models, and had a total production of more than 60,000 units. The M38 was a military version of the then-current civilian Jeep CJ-3A. The M38 differed from the CJ-3A in numerous ways, including a reinforced frame and suspension, waterproof 24-volt electrical system, sealed vent system for the engine, transmission, transfer case, fuel system and brake system. Some M38 jeeps were assigned to the Korean theatre of operations, but the majority of vehicles used in that conflict were rebuilt World War II vintage. Approximately 2,300 M38 Jeeps were manufactured by Ford of Canada for Canadian Armed Forces in 1952, designated as the M38-CDN jeep. Its successor was Willys M38A1. The M38 windshield could be folded flat for firing and the body was equipped with a pintle hook for towing and lifting shackles front and rear. The headlights were no longer recessed as on previous models, but protruded with a guard wire in front. The "pioneer" tools which were carried on the MB's driver side were transferred to the passenger side of this vehicle.
Dimensions
The M38 had an empty weight of and a gross vehicle weight of on road. The wheelbase was, ground clearance was at the rear axle, maximum overall height was, minimum width was and overall length was.
Engine
Bore/Stroke:
Compression Ratio: 6.48:1
Displacement:
Power: at 4000 rpm
Torque: at 2000 rpm
Main Bearings: 3
Carburetor: Carter YS 637S, downdraft
Powertrain
The entire engine air intake and the axle system was fully vented to allow for operation while submerged under water. Its full-floating front axle was supported by the wheel hub, rather than the axle itself, and provided greater load capacity. The rear axle was semi-floating. Its drivetrain was the L-head with a T-90 transmission and the Dana 18 transfer case. A few M38 Jeeps were fitted with a transmission power take-off driven winch. This feature was not used in regular production models due to increased weight on the front of the vehicle, as well as additional maintenance requirements.
Electrical system
The electrical system was upgraded to a 24 volt system which required dual 12 volt batteries connected in series. Its ignition and electrical systems were waterproof; a valuable feature in rainy environments and where deep river fording was necessary.
