Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention


The Convention concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour, known in short as the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, was adopted by the International Labour Organization in 1999 as ILO Convention No 182. It is one of eight ILO fundamental conventions.
By ratifying this Convention No. 182, a country commits itself to taking immediate action to prohibit and eliminate the worst forms of child labour. The Convention is enjoying the fastest pace of ratifications in the ILO's history since 1919.
The ILO's International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour is responsible for assisting countries in this regard as well as monitoring compliance. One of the methods used by IPEC to assist countries in this regard are Time-bound Programmes.
The ILO also adopted the Worst Forms of Child Labour Recommendation No 190 in 1999. This recommendation contains, among others, recommendations on the types of hazards that should be considered for inclusion within a country-based definition of Worst Forms of Hazards faced by Children at Work.

Ratifications

As of 2018, the convention has been ratified by 186 out of 187 ILO member states. The ILO member state that has not ratified the convention:
In 2019, and ratified, but the convention is not in effect for them until 2020.
The convention has also not been extended to several non-metropolitan territories of states that ratified the convention:
StateNon-metropolitan territory
AustraliaNorfolk Island
DenmarkFaroe Islands, Greenland
FranceFrench Polynesia, New Caledonia, French Southern and Antarctic Territories
Kingdom of the NetherlandsSint Maarten and the Caribbean Netherlands
New ZealandTokelau
United StatesAmerican Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, United States Virgin Islands
United KingdomAnguilla, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Gibraltar, Isle of Man, Jersey, Montserrat

Predefined ''worst forms of child labour''

Convention 182 includes forms of child labour, which are predefined worst forms of child labour. They are also sometimes referred to as automatic worst forms of child labour.
The predefined worst forms of child labour are:
The last category of worst form of child labour is work which by its nature or the circumstances is likely to harm the health, safety or morals of children, or Worst Forms of Hazards faced by Children at Work. Here the Convention recommended that the circumstances should be determined in consultation with organisations of employers and workers within a specific country. The Convention recommends that programmes of action should attend specifically to younger children, the girl child, hidden work situation in which girls are at special risk, and other groups of children with special vulnerabilities or needs. Worst Forms of Child Labour Recommendation No 190 contains recommendations on the types of hazards that should be considered to be included within a country-based definition of worst form hazards. This could lead to many deaths.
The worst forms of child labour that should be prohibited in ILO Recommendation No. 190 are:
Several programs exist to stimulate adherence to the convention:
The Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography plays a role in the co-ordination of activities