XCF (file format)
XCF, short for eXperimental Computing Facility,
is the native image format of the GIMP image-editing program. It saves all of the data the program handles related to the image, including, among others, each layer, the current selection, channels, transparency, paths and guides.
The saved image data are compressed only by a simple RLE algorithm, but GIMP supports compressed files, using either gzip or bzip2. The compressed files can be opened as normal image files.
The XCF file format is backward compatible and in some cases, forward compatible. For example, GIMP 2.0 can save text in text layers while GIMP 1.2 cannot. Text layers saved in GIMP 2.0 will open as ordinary image layers in GIMP 1.2. However, XCF files containing layer groups, a feature introduced in GIMP 2.7, cannot be opened with GIMP 2.6.
Despite some use in other programs
, the use of XCF as a data interchange format is not recommended by the developers of GIMP,
since the format reflects GIMP's internal data structures and there may be minor format changes in future versions. Instead, a collaborative effort between the developers of GIMP and Krita is underway to design a standardised raster file format called OpenRaster for future use in both applications, and likely in others also.
GIMP's Save dialog saves in the XCF format: starting with version 2.8, other formats with import/export support were moved to an Export dialog.
Software support
A partial list of image viewers and conversion software.| application | XCF-capable? | notes |
| the GIMP | program for which the format was developed | |
| Glimpse | fork of the GIMP to improve the UI and select a less-offensive name | |
| Seashore | lightweight native Mac OS X image editing program based on the GIMP | |
| CinePaint | fork of GIMP with support for 16-bit and 32-bit floating point channels, and 16-bit integer channels; the XCF file format used in CinePaint has diverged from the GIMP's native format, so XCF files created in GIMP cannot be opened in CinePaint, and vice versa | |
| DBGallery | displays multi-layer non-indexed images and allows indexing, searching and other photo database operation | |
| ImageMagick | has an XCF reader module that can read single-layer non-indexed images | |
| Project Dogwaffle | imports XCF files using the ImageMagick library | |
| Krita | imports XCF files using the GraphicsMagick library | |
| Kolourpaint | can read XCF files using KDE's image I/O library plugin, like any other KDE program | |
| Gwenview | can display multi-layer non-indexed images | |
| Digikam | can display multi-layer non-indexed images | |
| Imagine | can display single-layer non-indexed images | |
| XnView | can display single-layer non-indexed images | |
| Inkscape | added support for XCF export in the 0.44 release | |
| IrfanView | can display multi-layer images with a plugin | |
| Paint.NET | can load and save multi-layer.xcf/.xcfgz/.xcfbz2 images | |
| Chasys Draw IES | can load and save multi-layer.xcf/.xcfgz/.xcfbz2 images | |
| MediaWiki and thus Wikimedia Commons | supports XCF files that are compatible with GIMP 2.6 or 2.8, and when the color mode is RGB or grayscale | |
| Corel Photo-Paint | can load multi-layer images, support some layer modes | |
| Photopea | online image editor which can open XCF files and convert to other formats including Photoshop's PSD | |
| SDL2_image | development library |