Xipapillomavirus


Xipapillomavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Papillomaviridae. Bovine serve as natural hosts. There are currently five species in this genus including the type species Xipapillomavirus 1. Diseases associated with this genus include: true papillomas on the cutaneous or mucosal surfaces of cattle.

Taxonomy

Group: dsDNA

Structure

Viruses in Xipapillomavirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=7 symmetry. The diameter is around 52-55 nm. Genomes are circular, around 7kb in length. The genome has 6 open reading frames.
GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
XipapillomavirusIcosahedralT=7Non-envelopedCircularMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral proteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the dsDNA bidirectional replication model. DNA-templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear envelope breakdown.
Bovine serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are contact.
GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
XipapillomavirusBovinesEpithelial: mucous; epithelial: skinCell receptor endocytosisLysisNucleusNucleusContact