Yarrow Ecovillage
The Yarrow Ecovillage is an intentional community in Yarrow, British Columbia, Canada. Yarrow is a settlement of 3,000 population within the municipal boundaries of Chilliwack, British Columbia. The Ecovillage is a member-designed community that aims to achieve a more socially, ecologically and economically sustainable way of life. The Ecovillage's master plan for the 10-hectare former dairy farm, foresaw three main legal entities: An 8-hectare organic farm, a 31-unit multigenerational cohousing community, and a mixed-use development with just under 2800 m2 of commercial space, a 17-unit senior cohousing community and a learning centre.
Chilliwack City Council approved the plans, granting "Ecovillage zoning" in 2006. In January 2015, the Ecovillage had 100 residents in the multigenerational cohousing community. The organic farm has been in operation since 2003.
In January 2014, Groundswell Cohousing at the Yarrow Ecovillage was awarded the "Sustainability Leadership Award" by the Chilliwack Chamber of Commerce at the 19th Annual Business Excellence Awards.
History
Interest in sustainable settlements increased in the 1990s. In 1991, Robert Gilman and Diane Gilman co-authored a study called "Ecovillages and Sustainable Communities" for Gaia Trust. That led to a conference with the same title in Findhorn, Scotland, in 1995. According to Ross Jackson, co-founder of Gaia Trust, "somehow they had struck a chord that resonated far and wide. The word 'ecovillage', which was barely four years old at the time, thus became part of the language of the Cultural Creatives."In the late 1990s a group formed to consider the idea of building an ecovillage in the Fraser Valley of British Columbia. That led to the purchase of a former dairy farm in Yarrow in 2002. The farm was originally owned by the Heinrichs family, who purchased it from Chauncey Eckert soon after the village of Yarrow was founded.
The Yarrow group grew rapidly from six founding members. The Yarrow Ecovillage Society brainstorming workshops within the group, 2) consultation with City officials, and 3) public meetings with the local community. They repeated these three steps several times. This served to build support with the City planning staff and in the neighbouring community.
Following the consultation process, the ecovillage submitted its request for rezoning. The rezoning process occurred in two stages. The first, approved in August, 2004, was a commercial-residential zone on a small parcel of the property on Yarrow Central road. This allowed for a mix of retail businesses and residences above them. The second stage, approved in July, 2006, rezoned the remaining five acres formerly zoned "rural residential" to an "ecovillage zone." This increased the land's maximum density from 5 to 40, or more, residences. Chilliwack Mayor Clint Hames called this "the first ecovillage zone in Canada." The ecovillage purchased its first commercial entity, the Yarrow Deli, located on a neighbouring property, in October 2006.
With the achievement of Ecovillage zoning in 2006, work began on roads and infrastructure. Two timber frame duplexes were started in 2008, but construction was halted when the worldwide financial crisis tightened up credit and delayed a major construction loan. Construction on the duplexes resumed in early 2009 and the first was completed in August, 2009. In January 2010, a new site plan was completed. The plan included two cohousing communities, the first of which, Groundswell Cohousing was to be a total 31 units to be completed in 2014.
Components
The Yarrow Ecovillage is organized in five main components: The organic farm, multigenerational cohousing, mixed use commercial, senior cohousing and a learning centre.Organic farm
The Yarrow Ecovillage Community Farm has several farming entities: Three of these were in production in 2012: Osprey Organic Farm, Ohm Organic Farm and Soban Farm, all producing organic vegetables for sale in farmer's markets in Lower Mainland communities. There is also a Community Supported Agriculture food box program. In 2014 Osprey and Ohm Organic Farms were succeeded by three new commercial farming entities: Ripple Creek Organic Farm, Chubby Roots Organic Farm and The Farmacy. A permaculture food forest, called the Stewart Creek Food Forest, combines plants and animals by "stacking functions" in layers—i.e., each plant or animal having multiple roles.Multigenerational Cohousing
The multigenerational cohousing project was given focus in a series of workshops organized by Katie McCamant and Charles Durrett of the Cohousing Company, beginning in January 2010. That year, the Ecovillage group decided to divide the property between various entities or "centres of initiative." It was decided that the cohousing community would hold title to the land as a strata corporation, which was then named "Groundswell Cohousing." The members of Groundswell participated in the design of their housing and with the other aspects of building community. By January 2012, the population of the ecovillage had reached 50.Groundswell, the first cohousing community within the ecovillage site has 33 units in various housing types—duplexes, flats, townhouses. A 362 m2 common house will be located on the east side of the property, bounded by the driveway and two pedestrian walkways. The common house is intended to be a "gathering place" with a variety of common facilities to foster a sense of community and complement the private spaces of secluded areas and housing units.
Cohousing is the first building block of the ecovillage. According to architects McCamant and Durrett it will play an important part in creating the culture of the village. "In building it, the group has learned cooperation and development skills, as well as how to brainstorm, discuss and decide; it is the place where well-intentioned citizens learn to make consequential decisions together to accomplish their environmental and social aspirations. It is also where the relationships built during the design and development process will carry over to everyday interactions and relationships one the community is complete." In mid-2013, the second phase of Groundswell Cohousing was initiated, adding 18 units for completion in 2014, and bring the housing to thirty-three units. This phase was described as marrying "the convenience and security of a tight-knit community with the privacy of independent home ownership." Residents live each have their own homes, but may choose to "join together for aspects of daily living, including community meals, recreation, and child care."
On January 25, 2014, Groundswell Cohousing and the Ecovillage won the "Sustainability Leadership Award" at the Chamber of Commerce's 19th Annual Awards ceremony. The award, sponsored by the City of Chilliwack, stated: "The recipient of this award has actively implemented, integrated and promoted sustainability into the workplace. They are recognized for their outstanding contributions to community sustainability through economic, social and environmental excellence and have demonstrated a visible commitment to sustainable business practices."
In mid-2014, the last phase of strata-titled housing was completed in Groundswell Cohousing at the Yarrow Ecovillage. There are 100 people living in the thirty-three units.
Commercial enterprise
Since the mid-2000s, there have been two main commercial entities within the ecovillage: the farm and the Yarrow Deli. The farm, which has been a presence at local Farmers' markets and has operated a Community-supported agriculture food box program since 2005, began a summer market at the front of the property. During the 2012 season, several artisan products were added to the market and in 2013 a Farm Stand was completed. The Yarrow Deli, formerly a neighbouring property, was purchased by the ecovillage in October, 2006. Members of the ecovillage formed a cooperative, the Yarrow Deli Coop, that operated the business. The Yarrow Deli closed permanently in August 2015.The initial businesses are the building blocks in what will be a one hectare town centre—a mixed use development. The mixed-use development, known as Yarrow Central Enterprises, will include 2800 m2 of commercial space, which will provide services, work and creative opportunities to the ecovillage and surrounding neighbourhood.