Zhao Deyin , formally the Prince of Huai'an, was a warlord late in the Chinese dynastyTang Dynasty, who initially served as a general under the pretenderemperorQin Zongquan. When Qin neared defeat, Zhao declared loyalty to Tang instead, and was able to retain control of Zhongyi Circuit, which, after his death, was passed to his son Zhao Kuangning.
Background and service under Qin Zongquan
It is not known when Zhao Deyin was born. His family was from Cai Prefecture. At some point, he became an officer under Qin Zongquan, who was then the Tang military governor of Fengguo Circuit. When Qin was involved in the Tang forces' campaigns against the major agrarian rebel Huang Chao, Zhao had battlefield accomplishments and was rewarded by being made the prefect of Shen Prefecture. By 884, Huang, whom Qin briefly submitted to, had been defeated and killed, but by that point Qin had become a renegade and was pillaging nearby circuits. When fellow renegade general Lu Yanhongattacked Shannan East Circuit in winter 884, Qin sent Zhao and Qin Gao to join Lu in the attack, forcing the military governor of Shannan East, Liu Jurong to abandon Shannan East's capital Xiang Prefecture and flee to Chengdu. Lu subsequently took over Zhongwu Circuit, apparently allowing Zhao to take over Shannan East. In winter 887, by which time Qin had declared himself emperor with his capital at Cai Prefecture, Zhao, still then serving under Qin and whom Qin had made the acting military governor of Shannan East, attacked Jingnan Circuit. Zhao captured it and killed the Tang military governor of Jingnan, Zhang Gui. He then left his officer Wang Jianzhao in control of Jingnan's capital Jiangling Municipality. It was said that after the battle, only several hundred households remained at Jiangling. However, in summer 888, the Tang general Guo Yu attacked Jiangling and expelled Wang, taking over Jingnan Circuit.
Redeclaration of loyalty to Tang
After Guo Yu seized Jingnan from Zhao Deyin, Zhao, realizing by that point that Qin Zongquan, who had recently been repeatedly defeated by Zhu Quanzhong, the Tang military governor of Xuanwu Circuit, was nearing defeat, made overtures to then-reigning Tang emperor Emperor Zhaozong and Zhu, submitting his circuit to Tang. Zhu thus suggested to Emperor Zhaozong that Zhao's submission be accepted and that Zhao be made his own deputy in the operations against Qin. Emperor Zhaozong thus renamed Shannan East to Zhongyi and made Zhao its military governor as well as the deputy commander of the overall operations against Qin. After Qin was deposed by his own officers and delivered to Zhu, Zhao was given the honorary chancellor designation of Zhongshu Ling and was created the Prince of Huai'an. He died in spring 892 and was succeeded by his son Zhao Kuangning.
