1443

January–December

• July 22 - Battle of St. Jakob an der Sihl : The forces of the city of Zürich are defeated, but the Swiss Confederacy have insufficient strength to besiege and take the city.
• April 15 - Queens' College, Cambridge is first founded by Margaret of Anjou.
• November 8 - Battle of Niš: John Hunyadi and the army of the Crusade of Varna defeat three armies of the Ottoman Empire, and capture the city of Niš in modern-day Serbia; Skanderbeg deserts the Ottoman camp and goes to Albania.
• November 28 - Skanderbeg and his forces, rebelling against the Ottoman Empire, liberate Krujë, in Middle Albania, and raise the Albanian flag.

  Date unknown

• In Moldavia, the conflict between brothers and co-rulers Iliaș and Stephen II reignites, and Stephen captures Iliaș and blinds him, thus remaining sole ruler of the country.
• Portuguese explorer Nuno Tristão penetrates the Arguin Gulf, off the west coast of Africa.
• King Sejong the Great establishes Hangul, as the native alphabet of the Korean language.
• Vlad II Dracul begins his second term as ruler of Wallachia, succeeding Basarab II.
• The Buddhist Zhihua Temple is built in Beijing, at the order of Wang Zhen, chief eunuch at the court of the Zhengtong Emperor of Ming Dynasty China.
• A powerful earthquake destroys the Timișoara Fortress in Kingdom of Hungary

  Births

• January 27 - Albert III, Duke of Saxony
• February 2 - Elisabeth of Bavaria, Electress of Saxony
• February 12 - Giovanni II Bentivoglio, Italian noble
• February 23 - Matthias Corvinus, of Hungary
• February - Anne de Beauchamp, 15th Countess of Warwick
• May 17 - Edmund, Earl of Rutland, brother of Kings Edward IV of England and Richard III of England
• May 29 - Victor, Duke of Münsterberg, Reichsgraf, Duke of Münsterberg and Opava, Count of Glatz
• May 31 or 1441 - Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby, English noble, mother of King Henry VII, grandmother of King Henry VIII of England
• June 29 - Anthony Browne, English knight
• September 9 - Muhammad Jaunpuri
• November 10 - Adolf III of Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein, Germany noble
• December 1 - Magdalena of France, French princess and regent of Navarre
• December 5 - Pope Julius II
• probable
• * Piero del Pollaiolo, Italian painter
• * Ygo Gales Galama, Frisian warlord and freedom fighting rebel

  Deaths

• January 16 - Erasmo of Narni, Italian mercenary
• January 28 - Robert le Maçon, Chancellor of France
• February - Guidantonio da Montefeltro, count of Urbino
• March 24 - James Douglas, 7th Earl of Douglas
• April 12 - Henry Chichele, Archbishop of Canterbury
• May 9 - Niccolò Albergati, Italian cardinal and diplomat
• June 5 - Ferdinand the Holy Prince of Portugal
• August 16 - Ashikaga Yoshikatsu, Japanese shōgun
• September 18 - Lewis of Luxembourg, Archbishop of Rouen
• date unknown - Infante Diogo, Constable of Portugal
• * Jelena Balšić, Serbian duchess
• probable - Zeami Motokiyo, Japanese actor and playwright