July 22 Events 838 - Battle of Anzen: The Byzantine emperor Theophilos suffers a heavy defeat by the Abbasids . 1099 - First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Jerusalem . 1209 - Massacre at Béziers: The first major military action of the Albigensian Crusade . 1298 - Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Falkirk: King Edward I of England and his longbowmen defeat William Wallace and his Scottish schiltrons outside the town of Falkirk . 1342 - St. Mary Magdalene's flood is the worst such event on record for central Europe. 1443 - Battle of St. Jakob an der Sihl in the Old Zürich War . 1456 - Ottoman wars in Europe: Siege of Belgrade: John Hunyadi , Regent of the Kingdom of Hungary , defeats Mehmet II of the Ottoman Empire . 1484 - Battle of Lochmaben Fair: A 500-man raiding party led by Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany and James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas are defeated by Scots forces loyal to Albany's brother James III of Scotland ; Douglas is captured. 1499 - Battle of Dornach: The Swiss decisively defeat the army of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor . 1587 - Roanoke Colony: A second group of English settlers arrives on Roanoke Island off North Carolina to re-establish the deserted colony. 1598 - William Shakespeare’s play, The Merchant of Venice , is entered on the Stationers’ Register . By decree of Queen Elizabeth, the Stationers’ Register licensed printed works, giving the Crown tight control over all published material. 1686 - Albany, New York is formally chartered as a municipality by Governor Thomas Dongan . 1706 - The Acts of Union 1707 are agreed upon by commissioners from the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland , which, when passed by each countries' Parliaments, led to the creation of the Kingdom of Great Britain . 1793 - Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Pacific Ocean becoming the first recorded human to complete a transcontinental crossing of North America. 1796 - Surveyors of the Connecticut Land Company name an area in Ohio "Cleveland" after Gen. Moses Cleaveland , the superintendent of the surveying party. 1797 - Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife: Battle between Spanish and British naval forces during the French Revolutionary Wars . During the Battle, Rear-Admiral Nelson is wounded in the arm and the arm had to be partially amputated. 1802 - Emperor Gia Long conquers Hanoi and unified Viet Nam , which had experienced centuries of feudal warfare. 1805 - Napoleonic Wars: War of the Third Coalition: Battle of Cape Finisterre: An inconclusive naval action is fought between a combined French and Spanish fleet under Admiral Pierre-Charles Villeneuve of Spain and a British fleet under Admiral Robert Calder . 1812 - Napoleonic Wars: Peninsular War: Battle of Salamanca: British forces led by Arthur Wellesley defeat French troops near Salamanca , Spain. 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Atlanta: Outside Atlanta , Confederate General John Bell Hood leads an unsuccessful attack on Union troops under General William T. Sherman on Bald Hill. 1893 - Katharine Lee Bates writes "America the Beautiful" after admiring the view from the top of Pikes Peak near Colorado Springs, Colorado . 1894 - The first ever motor race is held in France between the cities of Paris and Rouen . The fastest finisher was the Comte Jules-Albert de Dion , but the 'official' victory was awarded to Albert Lemaître driving his 3 hp petrol engined Peugeot . 1916 - Preparedness Day Bombing: In San Francisco , a bomb explodes on Market Street during a parade, killing ten and injuring 40. 1921 - Rif War: The Spanish Army suffers its worst military defeat in modern times to the Berbers of the Rif region of Spanish Morocco . 1933 - Aviator Wiley Post returns to Floyd Bennett Field in New York City , completing the first solo flight around the world in seven days, 18 hours and 49 minutes. 1936 - Spanish Civil War: The Popular Executive Committee of Valencia takes power in the Valencian Community . 1937 - New Deal: The United States Senate votes down President Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States . 1942 - The United States government begins compulsory civilian gasoline rationing due to the wartime demands. 1942 - Grossaktion Warsaw : The systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw ghetto begins. 1943 - World War II: Allied forces capture Palermo during the Allied invasion of Sicily . 1943 - World War II: Axis occupation forces violently disperse a massive protest in Athens , killing 22. 1944 - The Polish Committee of National Liberation publishes its manifesto , starting the period of Communist rule in Poland . 1946 - King David Hotel bombing: A Zionist underground organisation, the Irgun , bombs the King David Hotel in Jerusalem , site of the civil administration and military headquarters for Mandatory Palestine , resulting in 91 deaths. 1962 - Mariner program: Mariner 1 spacecraft flies erratically several minutes after launch and has to be destroyed. 1963 - Crown Colony of Sarawak gains self-governance . 1976 - Japan completes its last reparation to the Philippines for war crimes committed during imperial Japan's conquest of the country in the Second World War . 1977 - Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping is restored to power. 1983 - Martial law in Poland is officially revoked. 1990 - Greg LeMond , an American road racing cyclist, wins his third Tour de France after leading the majority of the race. It was LeMond's second consecutive Tour de France victory. 1992 - Near Medellín , Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar escapes from his luxury prison fearing extradition to the United States. 1993 - Great Flood of 1993: Levees near Kaskaskia, Illinois rupture, forcing the entire town to evacuate by barges operated by the Army Corps of Engineers . 1997 - The second Blue Water Bridge opens between Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario . 2003 - Members of 101st Airborne of the United States, aided by Special Forces, attack a compound in Iraq , killing Saddam Hussein's sons Uday and Qusay , along with Mustapha Hussein , Qusay's 14-year-old son, and a bodyguard. 2005 - Jean Charles de Menezes is killed by police as the hunt begins for the London Bombers responsible for the 7 July 2005 London bombings and the 21 July 2005 London bombings . 2011 - Norway attacks: First a bomb blast which targeted government buildings in central Oslo , followed by a massacre at a youth camp on the island of Utøya . 2013 - Dingxi earthquakes: A series of earthquakes in Dingxi, China , kills at least 89 people and injures more than 500 others.Births 1210 - Joan of England, Queen of Scotland 1437 - John Scrope, 5th Baron Scrope of Bolton , English Baron 1476 - Zhu Youyuan , Ming Dynasty politician 1478 - Philip I of Castile 1531 - Leonhard Thurneysser , scholar and elector of Brandenburg 1535 - Katarina Stenbock , queen of Gustav I of Sweden 1552 - Anthony Browne , Sheriff of Surrey and Kent 1552 - Mary Wriothesley, Countess of Southampton , Lady of English peer and others 1559 - Lawrence of Brindisi , Italian priest and saint 1615 - Marguerite of Lorraine , princess of Lorraine, duchess of Orléans 1618 - Johan Nieuhof , Dutch traveler 1621 - Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury , English politician, Lord Chancellor of the United Kingdom 1630 - Madame de Brinvilliers , French aristocrat 1647 - Margaret Mary Alacoque , French nun, mystic and saint 1651 - Ferdinand Tobias Richter , Austrian organist and composer 1711 - Georg Wilhelm Richmann , German-Russian physicist and academic 1713 - Jacques-Germain Soufflot , French architect, designed the Panthéon 1733 - Mikhail Shcherbatov , Russian philosopher and historian 1755 - Gaspard de Prony , French mathematician and engineer 1784 - Friedrich Bessel , German mathematician and astronomer 1820 - Oliver Mowat , Canadian politician, 3rd Premier of Ontario , 8th Lieutenant Governor of Ontario 1839 - Jakob Hurt , Estonian theologist and linguist 1844 - William Archibald Spooner , English priest and scholar 1848 - Adolphus Frederick V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 1849 - Emma Lazarus , American poet and educator 1856 - Octave Hamelin , French philosopher 1862 - Cosmo Duff-Gordon , Scottish fencer 1863 - Alec Hearne , English cricketer 1878 - Janusz Korczak , Polish pediatrician and author 1881 - Augusta Fox Bronner , American psychologist, specialist in juvenile psychology 1882 - Edward Hopper , American painter and etcher 1884 - Odell Shepard , American poet and politician, 66th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut 1886 - Hella Wuolijoki , Estonian-Finnish author 1887 - Gustav Ludwig Hertz , German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate 1888 - Kirk Bryan , American geologist and academic 1888 - Selman Waksman , Jewish-American biochemist and microbiologist, Nobel Prize laureate 1889 - James Whale , English director 1890 - Rose Kennedy , American philanthropist 1892 - Jack MacBryan , English cricketer and field hockey player 1893 - Jesse Haines , American baseball player and coach 1893 - Karl Menninger , American psychiatrist and author 1895 - León de Greiff , Colombian poet, journalist, and diplomat 1898 - Stephen Vincent Benét , American poet, short story writer , and novelist 1899 - Sobhuza II of Swaziland 1908 - Amy Vanderbilt , American author 1909 - Licia Albanese , Italian-American soprano and actress 1909 - Dorino Serafini , Italian racing driver 1910 - Ruthie Tompson , American animator and artist 1913 - Gorni Kramer , Italian bassist, songwriter, and bandleader 1915 - Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah , Indian-Pakistani politician and diplomat 1916 - Gino Bianco , Brazilian racing driver 1916 - Marcel Cerdan , French boxer 1921 - William Roth , American lawyer and politician 1923 - Bob Dole , American soldier, lawyer, and politician 1923 - César Fernández Ardavín , Spanish director, producer, and screenwriter 1924 - Margaret Whiting , American singer 1925 - Jack Matthews , American author, playwright, and academic 1925 - Joseph Sargent , American actor, director, and producer 1926 - Bryan Forbes , English actor, director, producer, and screenwriter 1926 - Wolfgang Iser , German scholar, literary theorist 1927 - Johan Ferner , Norwegian sailor 1928 - Orson Bean , American actor 1928 - Jimmy Hill , English footballer, manager, and sportscaster 1929 - John Barber , English racing driver 1929 - Leonid Stolovich , Russian-Estonian philosopher and academic 1929 - Neil Welliver , American painter 1929 - Baselios Thomas I , Indian bishop 1931 - Leo Labine , Canadian ice hockey player 1932 - Oscar de la Renta , Dominican-American fashion designer 1932 - Tom Robbins , American novelist 1934 - Junior Cook , American saxophonist 1934 - Louise Fletcher , American actress 1934 - Leon Rotman , Romanian canoeist 1935 - Tom Cartwright , English-Welsh cricketer and coach 1936 - Don Patterson , American organist 1936 - Harold Rhodes , English cricketer 1936 - Geraldine Claudette Darden , American mathematician 1937 - Chuck Jackson , American R&B singer and songwriter 1937 - Yasuhiro Kojima , Japanese-American wrestler and manager 1937 - John Price , English cricketer 1937 - Vasant Ranjane , Indian cricketer 1938 - Terence Stamp , English actor 1940 - Judith Walzer Leavitt , American historian and academic 1940 - Alex Trebek , Canadian-American game show host and producer 1941 - Estelle Bennett , American singer 1941 - Vaughn Bodē , American illustrator 1941 - George Clinton , American singer-songwriter and producer 1941 - David M. Kennedy, American historian and author 1942 - Michael Abney-Hastings, 14th Earl of Loudoun , English-Australian politician 1942 - Peter Habeler , Austrian mountaineer and skier 1942 - Les Johns , Australian rugby league player and coach 1943 - Masaru Emoto , Japanese author and activist 1943 - Kay Bailey Hutchison , American lawyer and politician 1943 - Bobby Sherman , American singer-songwriter and actor 1944 - Rick Davies , English singer-songwriter and keyboard player 1944 - Sparky Lyle , American baseball player and manager 1944 - Anand Satyanand , New Zealand lawyer, judge, and politician, 19th Governor-General of New Zealand 1945 - Philip Cohen , English biochemist and academic 1946 - Danny Glover , American actor, director, and producer 1946 - Paul Schrader , American director and screenwriter 1946 - Rolando Joven Tria Tirona , Filipino archbishop 1946 - Johnson Toribiong , Palauan lawyer and politician, 7th President of Palau 1947 - Albert Brooks , American actor, comedian, director, and screenwriter 1947 - Gilles Duceppe , Canadian politician 1947 - Don Henley , American singer-songwriter and drummer 1948 - S. E. Hinton, American author 1949 - Alan Menken , American pianist and composer 1949 - Lasse Virén , Finnish runner and police officer 1951 - Richard Bennett , American guitarist and producer 1951 - J. V. Cain, American football player 1951 - Patriarch Daniel of Romania 1953 - Brian Howe , English singer-songwriter 1954 - Al Di Meola , American guitarist, songwriter, and producer 1954 - Steve LaTourette , American lawyer and politician 1954 - Lonette McKee , American actress and singer 1954 - Ingrid Daubechies , Belgian physicist and mathematician 1955 - Richard J. Corman, American businessman, founded the R.J. Corman Railroad Group 1955 - Willem Dafoe , American actor 1956 - Mick Pointer , English neo-progressive rock drummer 1956 - Scott Sanderson , American baseball player and sportscaster 1957 - Dave Stieb , American baseball player 1958 - Tatsunori Hara , Japanese baseball player and coach 1958 - David Von Erich , American wrestler 1960 - Jon Oliva , American singer-songwriter and keyboard player 1961 - Calvin Fish , English racing driver and sportscaster 1961 - Keith Sweat , American singer-songwriter and producer 1962 - Alvin Robertson , American basketball player 1962 - Martine St. Clair, Canadian singer and actress 1963 - Emilio Butragueño , Spanish footballer 1963 - Emily Saliers , American singer-songwriter and musician 1964 - Will Calhoun , American rock drummer 1964 - Bonnie Langford , English actress and dancer 1964 - John Leguizamo , Colombian-American actor, producer, and screenwriter 1964 - David Spade , American actor, producer, and screenwriter 1965 - Derrick Dalley , Canadian educator and politician 1965 - Shawn Michaels , American wrestler, trainer, and actor 1965 - Richard B. Poore, New Zealand humanitarian 1965 - Doug Riesenberg , American football player and coach 1966 - Tim Brown , American football player and manager 1967 - Lauren Booth , English journalist and activist 1967 - Rhys Ifans , Welsh actor 1969 - Despina Vandi , German-Greek singer and actress 1970 - Jason Becker , American guitarist and songwriter 1970 - Steve Carter , Australian rugby league player 1970 - Sergei Zubov , Russian ice hockey player and coach 1972 - Franco Battaini , Italian motorcycle racer 1972 - Colin Ferguson , Canadian actor, director, and producer 1972 - Seth Fisher , American illustrator 1972 - Keyshawn Johnson , American football player and sportscaster 1973 - Brian Chippendale , American singer and drummer 1973 - Mike Sweeney , American baseball player and sportscaster 1973 - Ece Temelkuran , Turkish journalist and author 1973 - Rufus Wainwright , American-Canadian singer-songwriter 1974 - Franka Potente , German actress 1977 - Ezio Galon , Italian rugby player 1977 - Ingo Hertzsch , German footballer 1977 - Gustavo Nery , Brazilian footballer 1978 - Runako Morton , Nevisian cricketer 1978 - Dennis Rommedahl , Danish footballer 1979 - Lucas Luhr , German racing driver 1979 - Yadel Martí , Cuban baseball player 1980 - Dirk Kuyt , Dutch footballer 1980 - Kate Ryan , Belgian singer-songwriter 1980 - Tablo , South Korean-Canadian rapper 1982 - Nuwan Kulasekara , Sri Lankan cricketer 1983 - Aldo de Nigris , Mexican footballer 1983 - Dries Devenyns , Belgian cyclist 1983 - Steven Jackson , American football player 1983 - Andreas Ulvo , Norwegian pianist 1984 - Stewart Downing , English footballer 1985 - Jessica Abbott , Australian swimmer 1985 - Takudzwa Ngwenya , Zimbabwean-American rugby player 1985 - Akira Tozawa , Japanese wrestler 1986 - Stevie Johnson , American football player 1986 - Colin de Grandhomme , Zimbabwean-New Zealand cricketer 1987 - Denis Gargaud Chanut , French slalom canoeist 1987 - Charlotte Kalla , Swedish skier 1988 - William Buick , Norwegian-British flat jockey 1988 - Paul Coutts , Scottish footballer 1988 - Thomas Kraft , German footballer 1988 - Sercan Temizyürek , Turkish footballer 1989 - Keegan Allen , American actor, photographer and musician 1991 - Matty James , English footballer 1992 - Anja Aguilar , Filipino actress and singer 1992 - Selena Gomez , American singer and actress 1992 - Carolin Schnarre , German Paralympic equestrian 1993 - Dzhokhar Tsarnaev , Kyrgyzstani-American terrorist 1994 - Jaz Sinclair , American film and television actress 1995 - Ezekiel Elliott , American football player 1995 - Armaan Malik , Indian playback singer, composer and songwriter 1996 - Skyler Gisondo , American actor 2002 - Prince Felix of Denmark 2013 - Prince George of Cambridge Deaths 698 - Wu Chengsi , nephew of Chinese sovereign Wu Zetian 1258 - Meinhard I, Count of Gorizia-Tyrol 1274 - Henry I of Navarre , Count of Champagne and Brie and King of Navarre 1298 - Sir John de Graham , Scottish soldier at the Battle of Falkirk 1362 - Louis, Count of Gravina 1376 - Simon Langham , Archbishop of Canterbury 1387 - Frans Ackerman , Flemish politician 1461 - Charles VII of France 1525 - Richard Wingfield , English courtier and diplomat, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1540 - John Zápolya , Hungarian king 1550 - Jorge de Lencastre, Duke of Coimbra 1581 - Richard Cox , English bishop 1619 - Lawrence of Brindisi, Italian priest and saint 1645 - Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares , Spanish statesman 1676 - Pope Clement X 1726 - Hugh Drysdale , English-American politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia 1734 - Peter King, 1st Baron King , English lawyer and politician, Lord Chancellor of England 1789 - Joseph Foullon de Doué , French politician, Controller-General of Finances 1802 - Marie François Xavier Bichat , French anatomist and physiologist 1824 - Thomas Macnamara Russell , English admiral 1826 - Giuseppe Piazzi , Italian mathematician and astronomer 1832 - Napoleon II , French emperor 1833 - Joseph Forlenze , Italian ophthalmologist and surgeon 1864 - James B. McPherson, American general 1869 - John A. Roebling, German-American engineer, designed the Brooklyn Bridge 1902 - Mieczysław Halka-Ledóchowski , Polish cardinal 1903 - Cassius Marcellus Clay , American publisher, lawyer, and politician, United States Ambassador to Russia 1904 - Wilson Barrett , English actor and playwright 1906 - William Snodgrass , Canadian minister and academic 1908 - Randal Cremer , English politician, Nobel Prize laureate 1915 - Sandford Fleming , Scottish-Canadian engineer and inventor, developed Standard time 1916 - James Whitcomb Riley , American poet and author 1918 - Indra Lal Roy , Indian lieutenant and first Indian fighter aircraft pilot 1920 - William Kissam Vanderbilt , American businessman and horse breeder 1922 - Jōkichi Takamine , Japanese-American chemist and academic 1932 - J. Meade Falkner, English author and poet 1932 - Reginald Fessenden , Canadian inventor and academic 1932 - Errico Malatesta , Italian activist and author 1932 - Flo Ziegfeld , American actor and producer 1934 - John Dillinger , American gangster 1937 - Ted McDonald , Australian cricketer and footballer 1940 - George Fuller , Australian politician, 22nd Premier of New South Wales 1940 - Albert Young , American boxer and promoter 1948 - Rūdolfs Jurciņš , Latvian basketball player 1950 - William Lyon Mackenzie King , Canadian economist and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Canada 1958 - Mikhail Zoshchenko , Ukrainian-Russian soldier and author 1967 - Carl Sandburg , American poet and historian 1968 - Giovannino Guareschi , Italian journalist and cartoonist 1970 - George Johnston , Australian journalist and author 1974 - Wayne Morse , American lawyer and politician 1979 - J. V. Cain, American football player 1979 - Sándor Kocsis , Hungarian footballer and manager 1986 - Floyd Gottfredson , American author and illustrator 1986 - Ede Staal , Dutch singer-songwriter 1987 - Fahrettin Kerim Gökay , Turkish physician and politician, Turkish Minister of Health 1990 - Manuel Puig , Argentinian author, playwright, and screenwriter 1990 - Eduard Streltsov , Soviet footballer 1992 - David Wojnarowicz , American painter, photographer, and activist 1995 - Harold Larwood , English-Australian cricketer 1996 - Rob Collins , English keyboard player 1998 - Fritz Buchloh , German footballer and coach 2000 - Eric Christmas , English-born Canadian actor 2000 - Carmen Martín Gaite , Spanish author, poet, and playwright 2000 - Raymond Lemieux , Canadian chemist and academic 2000 - Claude Sautet , French director and screenwriter 2001 - Indro Montanelli , Italian journalist and historian 2004 - Sacha Distel , French singer and guitarist 2004 - Illinois Jacquet , American saxophonist and composer 2005 - Eugene Record , American singer-songwriter and producer 2006 - Dika Newlin , American composer, singer-songwriter, and pianist 2006 - José Antonio Delgado , Venezuelan mountaineer 2007 - Mike Coolbaugh , American baseball player and coach 2007 - Jarrod Cunningham , New Zealand rugby player 2007 - László Kovács , Hungarian-American director and cinematographer 2007 - Rollie Stiles , American baseball player 2008 - Estelle Getty , American actress 2009 - Richard M. Givan, American lawyer and judge 2009 - Peter Krieg , German director, producer, and screenwriter 2010 - Kenny Guinn , American banker and politician, 27th Governor of Nevada 2011 - Linda Christian , Mexican-American actress 2011 - Cees de Wolf , Dutch footballer 2012 - Ding Guangen , Chinese engineer and politician 2012 - George Armitage Miller , American psychologist and academic 2012 - Frank Pierson , American director and screenwriter 2013 - Natalie de Blois , American architect, co-designed the Lever House 2013 - Dennis Farina , American policeman and actor 2013 - Lawrie Reilly , Scottish footballer 2013 - Rosalie E. Wahl, American lawyer and judge 2014 - Johann Breyer , German SS officer 2014 - Louis Lentin , Irish director and producer 2014 - Nitzan Shirazi , Israeli footballer and manager 2018 - Frank Havens , American canoeistHolidays and observances Birthday of the Late King Sobhuza Christian feast day: *Abd-al-Masih *Joseph of Tiberias *Markella *Mary Magdalene *Nohra *July 22 Earliest day on which Parents' Day can fall, while 28 July is the latest; celebrated on the fourth Sunday in July. National Press Day Pi Approximation Day, see also March 14 Ratcatcher's Day Revolution Day Sarawak Self-government Day
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