1810 and 1811 United States House of Representatives elections


Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 12th Congress were held at various dates in different states between April 1810 and August 1811 during President James Madison's first term.
One newly elected Representative, Henry Clay, also was elected Speaker.
With the repeal of the Embargo Act of 1807, the economy improved. The opposition Federalists lost voter support and the Democratic-Republicans recovered a supermajority.

Election summaries

Special elections

There were special elections in 1810 and 1811 to the 11th United States Congress and 12th United States Congress.
Elections are sorted by date then district.

11th Congress

12th Congress

Connecticut

Delaware

Georgia

Kentucky

Maryland

Maryland held its elections October 1, 1810.

Massachusetts

Massachusetts held its elections November 5, 1810. Massachusetts law required a majority for election. This was not met in the necessitating a second election on April 1, 1811.

New Hampshire

New Hampshire law required a candidate to receive votes from a majority of voters. In the initial election, only two candidates won a majority, so a second election was held in April 1811 for the remaining three seats, after the congressional term began but before the Congress formally convened. The data from the source used give majorities to all the top five candidates, suggesting that the data are incomplete.

New Jersey

The Federalists ran no official ticket in 1810, but votes were received for various Federalists in some counties.

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

This was the last election in which Ohio had a single. Due to rapid population growth in the state, the at-large district had become disproportionately populous by this point.

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Tennessee

Vermont

Virginia

Non-voting delegates

There were five territories with the right to send non-voting delegates to the 12th Congress. Two of them, Illinois Territory and Missouri Territory elected their first representative near the end of the 12th Congress in 1812, while Orleans Territory's seat remained vacant until the territory was admitted as the State of Louisiana.