1864 and 1865 United States House of Representatives elections
Elections to the United States House of Representatives were held in 1864 to elect Representatives to the 39th United States Congress. The election coincided with the presidential election of 1864, in which President Abraham Lincoln was re-elected.
In the midst of the American Civil War, the opposition Democrats were divided between the Copperheads, a group that demanded an immediate negotiated settlement with the Confederate States of America, and the War Democrats, who supported the war. The Democrats lacked a coherent message, and Lincoln's Republican Party gained 50 seats, increasing their majority over the Democrats. The National Union Party lost seven seats, retaining control of 18 seats, all from the border states of Maryland, Tennessee, and Kentucky, as well as West Virginia.
Election summaries
One new seat was added for the new State of Nevada and 8 vacancies were filled by the readmission of Tennessee, the first secessionist state to be readmitted. Three former Confederate States held elections in 1865 that were rejected by Congress.Of the rejected elections, Florida's and Mississippi's claimants' parties are unknown, while North Carolina elected 4 Union and 3 Conservative Representatives.
California
Note: This was the first election in which California elected representatives from congressional districts.| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Cornelius Cole . | Republican | 1863 | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost renomination. New member elected. | ||
| William Higby . | Republican | 1863 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Thomas B. Shannon . | Republican | 1863 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
[|Nevada]
On October 31, 1864, the new state of Nevada elected Republican Henry G. Worthington to finish the term ending March 3, 1865.Worthington was not renominated for the next term, however, and on November 7, 1865, Republican Delos R. Ashley was elected for the term that had already begun but would not formally meet until December 4, 1865.
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Henry G. Worthington | Republican | 1864 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected November 7, 1865. Republican hold. |
Ohio
Ohio's delegation swung wildly from 14–5 Republican to 17-2 Democratic as 10 Democratic incumbents lost renomination or re-election.| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| George H. Pendleton | Democratic | 1856 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Vice President. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Alexander Long | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Robert C. Schenck | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John F. McKinney | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Francis C. Le Blond | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Chilton A. White | Democratic | 1860 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Samuel S. Cox | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| William Johnston | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Warren P. Noble | Democratic | 1860 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| James M. Ashley | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Wells A. Hutchins | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| William E. Finck | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| John O'Neill | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| George Bliss | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| James R. Morris | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Joseph W. White | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. | ||
| Ephraim R. Eckley | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Rufus P. Spalding | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| James A. Garfield | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |