1899 in the Philippines

Incumbents

First Philippine Republic

• President: Emilio Aguinaldo
• Prime Minister:
• * January 23-May 7: Apolinario Mabini
• * May 7-November 13: Pedro A. Paterno
• President of the Assembly of Representatives: Pedro A. Paterno

  U.S. Military Government

• Governor: Elwell Stephen Otis

  Events

• January 23 – Malolos Constitution proclaimed in Malolos, Bulacan, establishing the First Philippine Republic. Emilio Aguinaldo inaugurated as President of the Republic.
• February 4-5 – 12,000 American troops advanced through 2 miles of Filipino front at the Battle of Manila. It was the first and largest battle of the Philippine–American War, resulting to 60 American dead and 2,000 Filipino dead.
• February 10 – A brigade of American soldiers attacked Filipino troops after 3 hours of artillery bombardment at the Battle of Caloocan. The capture of Caloocan left American forces in control of the southern terminus of the Manila to Dagupan railway, along with five engines, fifty passenger coaches, and a hundred freight cars.
• March 27 – American troops marched through Marilao River while being fired upon by Filipino troops on the opposite bank.
• March 31 – Malolos, the capital of the Republic, fell to advancing American soldiers.
• April 9-10 – American troops fought the Battle of Santa Cruz as part of their Laguna de Bay campaign.
• April 23 – The Battle of Quingua was fought between Filipino troops led by General Gregorio del Pilar and American troops under Major J. Franklin Bell. There was a short Filipino victory until reinforcements sealed eventual American victory.
• May 7 – Local elections were held for provincial and municipal posts throughout the Philippine Archipelago under the American occupation.
• June 5 – General Antonio Luna was assassinated in Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija.
• June 13 – 3,000 American soldiers were confronted by 5,000 Filipino soldiers in the second largest battle of the Philippine–American War, the Battle of Zapote River. American victory gave respect to General Henry Ware Lawton.
• November 13 – President Aguinaldo, after a conference in Bayambang, Pangasinan, declared guerrilla warfare in the continued Filipino struggle against American occupation.
• December 2 – A 60-man rear guard action led by General Gregorio del Pilar fought 500 American troops who were pursuing President Aguinaldo in his flight to land's end.

  Deaths

• February 4 - José Torres Bugallón, Filipino military officer
• June 5 - Antonio Luna, Filipino pharmacist and general
• December 2 - Gregorio del Pilar, Filipino general