Alphonsus Augustus Sowada was an American Roman Catholic bishop, cultural anthropologist, and first Bishop of Agats in Indonesia. Born in Avon, Minnesota, United States, Sowada was raised on a farm near St. Cloud, and was the eldest of eight children. He was ordained to the priesthood for the Canons Regular of the Order of the Holy Cross on May 31, 1958 in Fort Wayne, Indiana. In 1961, he earned a master's degree in cultural anthropology from Catholic University of America. The following year, he became a missionary serving the Asmat people of the Agats region of southwestern Papua, Indonesia on the island of New Guinea, where he taught himself the Asmat language, and worked to eliminate the practice of headhunting and to preserve Asmat culture and art. He founded a church in the town of Sawa Erma on the Unir River. On May 29, 1969, he was appointed bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Agats, Indonesia and was ordained on November 29, 1969. He opposed the exploitation and cultural suppression of the Asmat by foreign logging companies and the military. Sowada wrote books on Asmat art and culture and collected hundreds of artifacts. Common interest in the Asmat culture led to friendships with other collectors and archivists of Asmat art including Michael Rockefeller and the artist Tobias Schneebaum, who described Sowada as having a "round, cherubic face" and said that "I liked him immediately." Sowada was instrumental in founding the Asmat Museum of Culture and Progress in Agats in 1973, described by the artist Tobias Schneebaum as "a museum designed for the local people, not the nonexistent tourist." After Sowada's retirement and return to the United States, his collection of Asmat artifacts formed the core of the American Museum of Asmat Art, located since 2012 at the University of St. Thomas in St. Paul, Minnesota. He also co-edited a 2002 book about the Asmat Museum of Culture and Progress's collections, Asmat: Perception of Life in Art. In 2000, the Bishop Sowada Chair in Cultural Anthropology was established in his honor at the School of Theology Fajar Timur in Abepura, Indonesia, to further the continuing study and preservation of native Papuan culture. Health problems, including a quadruple heart bypassin 1999, led to his retirement. He resigned on May 9, 2001. He was succeeded as Bishop of Agats in 2002 by Aloysius Murwito. Sowada died in 2014 in Onamia, Minnesota.
